2023MNRAS.519.5059H

Query : 2023MNRAS.519.5059H

2023MNRAS.519.5059H - Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc., 519, 5059-5075 (2023/March-2)

The accretion history of the Milky Way - I. How it shapes globular clusters and dwarf galaxies.

HAMMER F., LI H., MAMON G.A., PAWLOWSKI M.S., BONIFACIO P., JIAO Y., WANG H., WANG J. and YANG Y.

Abstract (from CDS):

Halo inhabitants are individual stars, stellar streams, star, and globular clusters, and dwarf galaxies. Here we compare the two last categories that include objects of similar stellar mass, which are often studied as self-dynamical equilibrium systems. We discover that the half-light radius of globular clusters depends on their orbital pericentre and total energy, and that Milky Way (MW) tides may explain the observed correlation. We also suggest that the accretion epoch of stellar systems in the MW halo can be calibrated by the total orbital energy, and that such a relation is due to both the mass growth of the MW and dynamical friction affecting mostly satellites with numerous orbits. This calibration starts from the bulge to Kraken, Gaia Sausage Enceladus, Sagittarius stellar systems, and finally to the new coming dwarfs, either or not linked to the vast-polar structure. The most eccentric globular clusters, and dwarfs have their half-light radius scaling as the inverse of their binding energy, and this over more than two decades. This means that earlier arriving satellites are smaller due to the tidal effects of the MW. Therefore, most halo inhabitants appear to have their structural parameters shaped by MW tides, and also by ram-pressure for the most recent arrivals, the dwarf galaxies. The correlations found in this study can be used as tools to further investigate the origin of globular clusters and dwarfs, as well as the assembly history of our Galaxy.

Abstract Copyright: © 2023 The Author(s) Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Royal Astronomical Society

Journal keyword(s): Galaxy: evolution - globular clusters: general - Galaxy: halo - galaxies: dwarf - galaxies: interactions

Simbad objects: 185

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Number of rows : 185
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2024 		#notes
1 NGC 104 GlC 00 24 05.359 -72 04 53.20     4.09     ~ 3919 0
2 NGC 288 GlC 00 52 45.24 -26 34 57.4   10 8.13     ~ 1045 0
3 NGC 362 GlC 01 03 14.26 -70 50 55.6     6.58     ~ 1087 0
4 NAME Whiting 1 GlC 02 02 56.8 -03 15 10           ~ 150 0
5 NAME Tri II G 02 13 17.40 +36 10 42.4           ~ 130 0
6 NAME Segue 2 G 02 19 16.0 +20 10 31     15.2     ~ 262 0
7 NAME Sagittarius Stream St* 02 22 +00.0           ~ 877 0
8 NAME Hydrus I G 02 29 33.4 -79 18 32           ~ 56 0
9 NAME Hor I G 02 55 31.7 -54 07 08           ~ 141 0
10 NGC 1261 GlC 03 12 16.21 -55 12 58.4     8.63     ~ 521 0
11 Cl Pal 1 GlC 03 33 20.04 +79 34 51.8   17.2       ~ 245 1
12 NAME Reticulum II G 03 35 42.1 -54 02 57           ~ 310 0
13 NAME E 1 GlC 03 55 02.5 -49 36 52           ~ 209 0
14 NAME Eridanus Star Cluster GlC 04 24 44.5 -21 11 13           ~ 179 1
15 Cl Pal 2 GlC 04 46 05.91 +31 22 53.4   15       ~ 182 0
16 NGC 1851 GlC 05 14 06.76 -40 02 47.6           ~ 1431 0
17 NAME LMC G 05 23 34.6 -69 45 22     0.4     ~ 17459 0
18 M 79 GlC 05 24 10.59 -24 31 27.3     8.16     ~ 818 0
19 NGC 2298 GlC 06 48 59.41 -36 00 19.1     8.89     ~ 498 0
20 NAME Carina II Dwarf Galaxy G 07 36 25.6 -57 59 57           ~ 66 0
21 NGC 2419 GlC 07 38 08.51 +38 52 54.9     10.05     ~ 934 0
22 NAME Car III Dwarf Galaxy G 07 38 31.2 -57 53 59           ~ 62 0
23 NAME PYX GLOBULAR CL GlC 09 07 57.80 -37 13 17.0           ~ 108 0
24 NGC 2808 GlC 09 12 03.10 -64 51 48.6           ~ 1421 0
25 NAME E 3 GlC 09 20 57.07 -77 16 54.8           ~ 165 0
26 NAME Sextans C GlC 10 05 30.96 +00 04 15.4   15.5 13.9     ~ 329 1
27 Z 64-73 G 10 08 28.12 +12 18 23.4   11.3 10.0     ~ 1209 1
28 NGC 3201 GlC 10 17 36.82 -46 24 44.9           ~ 887 0
29 NAME Willman 1 G 10 49 21.0 +51 03 00     15.2     ~ 320 0
30 ESO 93-8 GlC 11 19 41.9 -65 13 11           ~ 24 0
31 GCl 17 GlC 11 29 16.80 +28 58 25.0   14.4       ~ 355 1
32 NAME Leo V G 11 31 09.60 +02 13 12.0     16.0     ~ 204 0
33 NAME Crater Cluster GlC 11 36 16.20 -10 52 38.8           ~ 92 1
34 NGC 4147 GlC 12 10 06.149 +18 32 31.78   11.45 10.74     ~ 574 0
35 NAME Hydra II G 12 21 42.1 -31 59 07           ~ 98 0
36 NGC 4372 GlC 12 25 45.43 -72 39 32.7   10.86 9.85     ~ 304 0
37 C 1235-509 GlC 12 38 40.20 -51 09 01.0           ~ 378 0
38 M 68 GlC 12 39 27.98 -26 44 38.6     7.96     ~ 998 0
39 NAME NGP reg 12 51 26.275 +27 07 41.70           ~ 1181 0
40 C 1250-669 OpC 12 53 00.3 -67 10 28           ~ 20 0
41 NGC 4833 GlC 12 59 33.92 -70 52 35.4           ~ 426 0
42 M 53 GlC 13 12 55.25 +18 10 05.4     7.79     ~ 838 0
43 NAME LMS-1 Stream St* 13 14.5 +17 56           ~ 28 0
44 NGC 5053 GlC 13 16 27.09 +17 42 00.9     9.96     ~ 622 0
45 NGC 5139 GlC 13 26 47.28 -47 28 46.1           ~ 3431 0
46 M 3 GlC 13 42 11.62 +28 22 38.2     6.39     ~ 2480 0
47 NGC 5286 GlC 13 46 26.81 -51 22 27.3           ~ 444 0
48 C 1353-269 GlC 13 56 21.702 -27 10 03.00           ~ 131 0
49 NGC 5466 GlC 14 05 27.29 +28 32 04.0     9.70     ~ 829 0
50 NGC 5634 GlC 14 29 37.28 -05 58 35.1   10.69 10.05     ~ 301 0
51 NGC 5694 GlC 14 39 36.52 -26 32 18.0           ~ 302 0
52 IC 4499 GlC 15 00 18.57 -82 12 49.6     8.56     ~ 352 0
53 NAME Munoz 1 Cl* 15 01 48.02 +66 58 07.3           ~ 24 0
54 NGC 5824 GlC 15 03 58.612 -33 04 06.70   10.28 9.56     ~ 409 0
55 NAME Serpens Dwarf GlC 15 16 05.30 -00 06 41.0   15.1       ~ 736 1
56 NGC 5897 GlC 15 17 24.40 -21 00 36.4   10.16 8.52     ~ 390 0
57 M 5 GlC 15 18 33.22 +02 04 51.7     5.95     ~ 1981 0
58 NGC 5927 GlC 15 28 00.69 -50 40 22.9           ~ 463 0
59 NGC 5946 GlC 15 35 28.58 -50 39 35.0           ~ 195 0
60 ESO 224-8 OpC 15 39 05.4 -50 03 02           ~ 67 0
61 NGC 5986 GlC 15 46 03.00 -37 47 11.1     6.92     ~ 375 0
62 [FSR2007] 1716 OpC 16 10 33.0 -53 44 12           ~ 47 0
63 GCl 38 GlC 16 10 59.00 +14 57 42.0           ~ 370 0
64 Cl Lynga 7 OpC 16 11 03.65 -55 19 04.0           ~ 114 0
65 M 80 GlC 16 17 02.41 -22 58 33.9           ~ 718 0
66 M 4 GlC 16 23 35.22 -26 31 32.7           ~ 1854 0
67 NGC 6101 GlC 16 25 48.12 -72 12 07.9           ~ 295 0
68 NGC 6144 GlC 16 27 13.86 -26 01 24.6           ~ 244 0
69 NGC 6139 GlC 16 27 39.987 -38 50 57.03   11.03 9.68     ~ 215 0
70 ESO 390-6 GlC 16 28 40.10 -35 21 13.0     12.0     ~ 98 0
71 M 107 GlC 16 32 31.86 -13 03 13.6           ~ 787 0
72 ESO 452-11 GlC 16 39 25.50 -28 23 52.0           ~ 68 0
73 M 13 GlC 16 41 41.634 +36 27 40.75     5.8     ~ 2195 0
74 NGC 6229 GlC 16 46 58.641 +47 31 36.38   9.38 9.86     ~ 367 0
75 M 12 GlC 16 47 14.18 -01 56 54.7     6.07     ~ 680 0
76 NAME 2MASS-GC03 GlC 16 52 10.602 -47 03 29.00           ~ 53 0
77 NGC 6235 GlC 16 53 25.36 -22 10 38.8   11.99 7.20     ~ 187 0
78 M 10 GlC 16 57 09.05 -04 06 01.1     4.98     ~ 790 0
79 NGC 6256 GlC 16 59 32.68 -37 07 17.1           ~ 154 0
80 GCl 50 GlC 16 59 51.1 -00 32 00   15.70       ~ 201 1
81 M 62 GlC 17 01 12.60 -30 06 44.5           ~ 622 0
82 M 19 GlC 17 02 37.69 -26 16 04.6   8.45 5.57     ~ 370 1
83 NGC 6284 GlC 17 04 28.747 -24 45 51.22   10.72 7.43     ~ 279 0
84 NGC 6287 GlC 17 05 09.4906767360 -22 42 28.099250172   11.49 10.30     ~ 225 0
85 NGC 6293 GlC 17 10 10.42 -26 34 54.2           ~ 282 0
86 NGC 6304 GlC 17 14 32.25 -29 27 43.3           ~ 360 0
87 NGC 6316 GlC 17 16 37.42 -28 08 24.0   10.33 9.03     ~ 217 0
88 M 92 GlC 17 17 07.39 +43 08 09.4     6.52     ~ 2117 0
89 NGC 6325 GlC 17 17 59.27 -23 45 57.7           ~ 172 0
90 M 9 GlC 17 19 11.78 -18 30 58.5   9.36 8.42     ~ 318 0
91 NGC 6342 GlC 17 21 10.14 -19 35 14.7     10.01     ~ 287 0
92 NGC 6356 GlC 17 23 34.99 -17 48 46.9   10.01 7.42     ~ 351 1
93 NGC 6355 GlC 17 23 58.65 -26 21 12.3   12.46 11.05     ~ 156 0
94 NGC 6352 GlC 17 25 29.11 -48 25 19.8           ~ 397 0
95 IC 1257 Bz? 17 27 06.00 -07 05 00.0           ~ 89 0
96 ESO 454-29 GlC 17 27 33.24 -30 48 07.8           ~ 252 0
97 NGC 6366 GlC 17 27 44.24 -05 04 47.5           ~ 313 0
98 GCl 66.1 GlC 17 30 38.90 -31 35 44.0           ~ 118 0
99 ESO 455-11 GlC 17 31 05.20 -29 58 54.0           ~ 171 0
100 NAME Sequoia Cluster GlC 17 31 12.0 -39 48 30           ~ 100 0
101 NGC 6362 GlC 17 31 54.99 -67 02 54.0           ~ 587 0
102 Liller 1 Cl* 17 33 24.50 -33 23 20.0           ~ 264 0
103 NGC 6380 GlC 17 34 28.00 -39 04 09.0           ~ 141 0
104 ESO 455-23 GlC 17 35 47.80 -30 28 11.0           ~ 256 0
105 Ton 2 GlC 17 36 10.500 -38 33 12.00           ~ 95 0
106 NGC 6388 GlC 17 36 17.461 -44 44 08.34           ~ 916 1
107 M 14 GlC 17 37 36.15 -03 14 45.3   9.55 5.73     ~ 387 0
108 NGC 6401 GlC 17 38 36.93 -23 54 31.5   11.31 10.71     ~ 173 0
109 NGC 6397 GlC 17 40 42.09 -53 40 27.6     5.17     ~ 1978 0
110 ESO 520-21 GlC 17 43 42.20 -26 13 21.0           ~ 179 0
111 NGC 6426 GlC 17 44 54.71 +03 10 12.5           ~ 223 0
112 NAME Galactic Center reg 17 45 39.60213 -29 00 22.0000           ~ 14436 0
113 NAME cl Djorgovski 1 GlC 17 47 28.30 -33 03 56.0           ~ 78 0
114 Cl Terzan 5 Cl* 17 48 05.00 -24 46 48.0           ~ 849 1
115 NGC 6440 GlC 17 48 52.67 -20 21 34.5           ~ 552 0
116 NGC 6441 GlC 17 50 13.06 -37 03 05.2           ~ 886 0
117 ESO 455-49 GlC 17 50 46.40 -31 16 31.0           ~ 186 0
118 NGC 6453 GlC 17 50 51.77 -34 35 55.1   10.49       ~ 167 0
119 NAME UKS 1 GlC 17 54 27.20 -24 08 43.0           ~ 94 0
120 VVV CL001 Gl? 17 54 42.5 -24 00 53           ~ 30 0
121 NGC 6496 GlC 17 59 03.68 -44 15 57.4   9.96       ~ 226 0
122 GCl 80.1 GlC 18 01 38.80 -26 50 23.0           ~ 122 0
123 ESO 456-38 GlC 18 01 49.10 -27 49 33.0           ~ 94 0
124 NGC 6517 GlC 18 01 50.376 -08 57 34.39   11.08       ~ 183 0
125 ESO 521-16 GlC 18 02 57.40 -26 04 00.0           ~ 100 0
126 NGC 6522 GlC 18 03 34.08 -30 02 02.3           ~ 526 0
127 NGC 6535 GlC 18 03 50.51 -00 17 51.5     9.85     ~ 295 0
128 NGC 6528 GlC 18 04 49.61 -30 03 20.8   12.12 10.65     ~ 525 0
129 NGC 6539 GlC 18 04 49.74 -07 35 09.1           ~ 226 0
130 NGC 6540 GlC 18 06 08.60 -27 45 55.0           ~ 122 0
131 NGC 6544 GlC 18 07 20.58 -24 59 50.4   11.36 9.90     ~ 297 0
132 NGC 6541 GlC 18 08 02.36 -43 42 53.6           ~ 379 0
133 ESO 280-6 GlC 18 09 06.000 -46 25 24.00           ~ 52 0
134 NGC 6553 GlC 18 09 15.68 -25 54 27.9   9.08       ~ 602 0
135 NGC 6558 GlC 18 10 17.6 -31 45 50           ~ 227 0
136 IC 1276 GlC 18 10 44.26 -07 12 27.3           ~ 123 0
137 ESO 522-1 GlC 18 12 15.80 -22 44 31.0     14.86     ~ 97 1
138 NGC 6569 GlC 18 13 38.88 -31 49 35.2   10.78 9.47     ~ 239 0
139 ESO 456-78 GlC 18 14 06.600 -28 38 06.00           ~ 63 0
140 NGC 6584 GlC 18 18 37.60 -52 12 56.8     8.17     ~ 289 0
141 NAME Mercer 5 Cl* 18 23 19.800 -13 40 07.00           ~ 23 0
142 NGC 6624 GlC 18 23 40.51 -30 21 39.7           ~ 887 1
143 M 28 GlC 18 24 32.89 -24 52 11.4           ~ 771 0
144 NGC 6638 GlC 18 30 56.25 -25 29 47.1   10.81 9.68     ~ 235 0
145 M 69 GlC 18 31 23.10 -32 20 53.1           ~ 463 0
146 NGC 6642 GlC 18 31 54.23 -23 28 34.1   11.30 10.24     ~ 208 0
147 NGC 6652 GlC 18 35 45.63 -32 59 26.6           ~ 441 0
148 M 22 GlC 18 36 23.94 -23 54 17.1           ~ 1380 0
149 ESO 591-12 GlC 18 41 29.90 -19 49 33.0           ~ 116 0
150 M 70 GlC 18 43 12.76 -32 17 31.6           ~ 387 0
151 NGC 6712 GlC 18 53 04.32 -08 42 21.5           ~ 520 0
152 M 54 GlC 18 55 03.33 -30 28 47.5           ~ 1070 0
153 NGC 6717 GlC 18 55 06.04 -22 42 05.3           ~ 245 0
154 NAME SDG G 18 55 19.0 -30 32 43   4.5 3.6     ~ 2192 2
155 NGC 6723 GlC 18 59 33.15 -36 37 56.1           ~ 502 0
156 NGC 6749 OpC 19 05 15.36 +01 54 00.0     12.4     ~ 159 0
157 NGC 6752 GlC 19 10 52.11 -59 59 04.4           ~ 2002 0
158 NGC 6760 GlC 19 11 12.06 +01 01 49.7   11.37 9.78     ~ 241 0
159 M 56 GlC 19 16 35.57 +30 11 00.5           ~ 423 0
160 Cl Terzan 7 GlC 19 17 43.92 -34 39 27.8           ~ 429 0
161 GCl 111 GlC 19 18 02.10 +18 34 18.0           ~ 113 0
162 Cl Arp 2 GlC 19 28 44.11 -30 21 20.3     12.41     ~ 355 0
163 M 55 GlC 19 39 59.71 -30 57 53.1     6.49     ~ 856 0
164 Cl Terzan 8 GlC 19 41 44.41 -33 59 58.1     11.54     ~ 322 0
165 GCl 114 GlC 19 45 14.40 -08 00 26.0     7.54     ~ 144 0
166 M 71 GlC 19 53 46.49 +18 46 45.1           ~ 1129 0
167 M 75 GlC 20 06 04.841 -21 55 20.14     8.26     ~ 367 0
168 NGC 6934 GlC 20 34 11.37 +07 24 16.1           ~ 423 0
169 M 72 GlC 20 53 27.70 -12 32 14.3     8.96     ~ 431 0
170 NGC 7006 GlC 21 01 29.465 +16 11 16.49     10.46     ~ 533 0
171 NAME Laevens 3 GlC 21 06 54.3 +14 58 48           ~ 27 0
172 NAME Segue 3 Cl* 21 21 31.0 +19 07 02           ~ 64 0
173 M 15 GlC 21 29 58.33 +12 10 01.2           ~ 3141 0
174 M 2 GlC 21 33 27.02 -00 49 23.7     6.25     ~ 1031 1
175 M 30 GlC 21 40 22.12 -23 10 47.5     7.10     ~ 1050 0
176 Cl Pal 12 GlC 21 46 38.84 -21 15 09.4     11.89     ~ 518 0
177 GCl 124 GlC 23 06 44.48 +12 46 19.2   15.6       ~ 278 1
178 NGC 7492 GlC 23 08 26.68 -15 36 41.3     10.48     ~ 302 0
179 NAME Phe II G 23 39 59.4 -54 24 22           ~ 86 0
180 NAME Tuc III G 23 56.6 -59 36           ~ 189 0
181 NAME Pontus Stream St* ~ ~           ~ 7 0
182 NAME Local Group GrG ~ ~           ~ 8409 0
183 NAME Galactic Bulge reg ~ ~           ~ 4304 0
184 NAME Sgr Region reg ~ ~           ~ 42 0
185 NAME Gaia Enceladus-Sausage St* ~ ~           ~ 528 0

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