2004AJ....128.2677T

Query : 2004AJ....128.2677T

2004AJ....128.2677T - Astron. J., 128, 2677-2695 (2004/December-0)

The environmental dependence of galaxy properties in the local universe: dependences on luminosity, local density, and system richness.

TANAKA M., GOTO T., OKAMURA S., SHIMASAKU K. and BRINKMANN J.

Abstract (from CDS):

We investigate the environmental dependence of star formation and the morphology of galaxies in the local universe based on a volume-limited sample constructed from the data of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. The sample galaxies (19,714 in total) are restricted to the redshift range of 0.030<z<0.065 and the magnitude range of Mr<M*r+2. We investigate correlations between star formation, morphology, luminosity, local density, and richness of galaxy systems. First, we focus on how galaxy properties change with local density. Galaxies in a dense environment are found to have suppressed star formation rates and early morphological types compared with those in the field. Star formation and morphology show a ``break'' at the critical local density of logΣcrit∼0.4galaxiesh275Mpc–2, which is in agreement with previous studies. However, the break can be seen only for faint galaxies (M*r+1<Mr<M*r+2), and bright galaxies (Mr<M*r+1) show no break. Thus, galaxies of different luminosities are found to show different environmental dependences. Next we examine dependences on richness of galaxy systems. Median properties of galaxies residing in systems with σ> 200km/s show no dependence on system richness, and most of the galaxies in those systems are non-star-forming early-type galaxies. Star formation activities of galaxies are different from those of field galaxies even in systems as poor as σ∼100km/s. This result suggests that environmental mechanisms that are effective only in rich systems, such as ram pressure stripping of cold gas and harassment, have not played a major role in transforming galaxies into red early-type galaxies. Strangulation and interactions between galaxies, however, remain candidates of the driver of the environmental dependence. In the dense environment in the local universe, the slow transformation of faint galaxies occurs to some extent, but the transformation of bright galaxies is not clearly visible. We suggest that the evolution of bright galaxies is not strongly related to galaxy system, such as groups and clusters, while the evolution of faint galaxies is likely to be closely connected to galaxy system.

Abstract Copyright: ∼

Journal keyword(s): Galaxies: Clusters: General - Galaxies: Evolution - Galaxies: Fundamental Parameters - Galaxies: General - Galaxies: Statistics

Simbad objects: 1

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Number of rows : 1
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2024 		#notes
1 ZwCl 0024+1652 ClG 00 26 35.6 +17 09 32     18.35     ~ 635 1

Query : 2004AJ....128.2677T

Basic data :
ZwCl 0024+1652 -- Cluster of Galaxies
Origin of the objects types :

(Ref) Object type as listed in the reference "Ref"
(acronym) Object type linked to the acronym according to the original reference
() Anterior to 2007, before we can link the objet type to a reference, or given by the CDS team in some particular cases

Other object types: 		ClG (2012MNRAS,ZwCl,...), gLe (2001ApJ), X (2E,XMMU), C?G (XCLASS)
Syntax of coordinates is : "ra dec (wtype) [error ellipse] quality bibcode" :
  • ra dec : right ascension and declination (unit and frame defined according to your Output Options)
    Grey values are increasing the original precision due to the computation of frame transformations
  • (wtype) : wavelength class for the origin of the coordinates (Rad, mm, IR, Optical, UV, Xray, Gam)
  • [error ellipse] : measurement uncertainty, on (ra,dec) if the positional angle is 90 degrees, on (majaxis,minaxis) otherwise (in mas at defined epoch in the original catalogue),
    position angle (in degrees North celestial pole to East)
  • quality : flag of quality
    • E ≥ 10"
    • D : 1-10" (and some old data)
    • C : 0.1-1"
    • B : 0.01-0.1" + 2MASS, Tyc
    • A : VLBI, Hipparcos
  • bibcode : bibcode of the coordinates reference
ICRS coord. (ep=J2000) : 		00 26 35.6 +17 09 32 (X-ray) [ ] D 2021A&A...652A..12K
Syntax of coordinates is : "ra dec (wtype) [error ellipse] quality bibcode" :
  • ra dec : right ascension and declination (unit and frame defined according to your Output Options)
    Grey values are increasing the original precision due to the computation of frame transformations
  • (wtype) : wavelength class for the origin of the coordinates (Rad, mm, IR, Optical, UV, Xray, Gam)
  • [error ellipse] : measurement uncertainty, on (ra,dec) if the positional angle is 90 degrees, on (majaxis,minaxis) otherwise (in mas at defined epoch in the original catalogue),
    position angle (in degrees North celestial pole to East)
  • quality : flag of quality
    • E ≥ 10"
    • D : 1-10" (and some old data)
    • C : 0.1-1"
    • B : 0.01-0.1" + 2MASS, Tyc
    • A : VLBI, Hipparcos
  • bibcode : bibcode of the coordinates reference
FK4 coord. (ep=B1950 eq=1950) : 		00 23 59.6 +16 52 56 [ ]
Syntax of coordinates is : "ra dec (wtype) [error ellipse] quality bibcode" :
  • ra dec : right ascension and declination (unit and frame defined according to your Output Options)
    Grey values are increasing the original precision due to the computation of frame transformations
  • (wtype) : wavelength class for the origin of the coordinates (Rad, mm, IR, Optical, UV, Xray, Gam)
  • [error ellipse] : measurement uncertainty, on (ra,dec) if the positional angle is 90 degrees, on (majaxis,minaxis) otherwise (in mas at defined epoch in the original catalogue),
    position angle (in degrees North celestial pole to East)
  • quality : flag of quality
    • E ≥ 10"
    • D : 1-10" (and some old data)
    • C : 0.1-1"
    • B : 0.01-0.1" + 2MASS, Tyc
    • A : VLBI, Hipparcos
  • bibcode : bibcode of the coordinates reference
Gal coord. (ep=J2000) : 		114.4800 -45.3047 [ ]
Syntax of radial velocity (or/and redshift) is : "value [error] (wavelength) quality bibcode"
  • value : radial velocity or/and redshift (Heliocentric frame) according to your Output Options
    (redshift may be not displayed if the data value is <0 and the database inside value is a radial velocity)
  • [error] : error of the corresponding value displayed before
  • (wavelength) : wavelength range of the measurement : Rad, mm, IR, Opt, UV, Xray, Gam or  '∼'(unknown)
  • quality : flag of quality ( A=best quality -> E=worst quality, ∼=unknown quality)
  • bibcode : bibcode of the value's origin
Radial velocity / Redshift / cz : 		V(km/s) 96269 [~] / z(spectroscopic) 0.3950 [~] / cz 118418 [~]
   (Opt) D 2021A&A...652A..12K
Syntax of angular size is : "maj-axis min-axis angle (wtype) quality bibcode"
  • maj-axis : major axis size (arc minutes)
  • min-axis : minor axis size (arc minutes)
  • angle : orientation angle (in degrees)
  • (wtype) : wavelength class for the origin of the angular size (Rad, mm, IR, Opt, UV, Xray, Gam)
  • quality : flag of quality of the angular size values ( A=best quality -> E=worst quality, {� } =unknown quality)
  • bibcode : bibcode of the angular size reference
Angular size (arcmin): 		4.55 4.55 0 (Xray) E 2016MNRAS.463.1929M
Syntax of fluxes (or magnitudes) is : "filter-name (System) flux-value [error] quality MultVarFlags bibcode"
  • filter-name : U, B, V, R, I, G, J, H, K, u, g, r, i, z
  • (System) : may be AB (default is Vega)
  • flux-value : value of flux or magnitude
  • [error] : error value
  • quality : flag of quality of the flux value ( A=best quality -> E=worst quality, {� } =unknown quality)
  • MultVarFlags : Mult is zero or one char (J) for joined photometry ; Var can be zero or two chars (V[0-4])
  • bibcode : bibcode of the flux reference
Fluxes (1) :
V 18.35 [~] E ~
SIMBAD within arcmin
', {sourceSize:12, color:'#30a090'})); aladin.on('objectClicked', function(object) { var objName=object.data.MAIN_ID; aladin.showPopup(object.ra,object.dec,'',''+ objName+''); });" title="Show Simbad objects"> Overlay Simbad points in this preview
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within arcsec The VizieR photometry tool allows for easy visualization of photometry points extracted around the Simbad position from photometry-enabled catalogues in VizieR.
The search radius has to be specified by the user. It is currently limited to a maximum of 30 arcsec. It depends mostly on the precision or quality of the coordinates (SIMBAD and VizieR catalogs), the resolution of the images from which the sources were extracted, source extent, and source crowding.
Suggestions are: crowded field: 0.5 to 1.5 arcsec, 3 arcsec otherwise; uncertain coordinates (SIMBAD quality E or coordinates without reference): 5 to 30 arsec (risky!). sed-help-icon
Some important notes on this object about identifications and objects associations.
notes:

Hierarchy : number of linked objects
whatever the membership probability is (see description here ) :

: 1
The count displayed here is the number of children objects.
The list obtained by clicking the button may be larger, as some children may be linked with different references or probability.

%This number is the number of distinct objets linked, by using this button, you will obtain all links (may be more than one) from that object to his children

: 482 		: 2 Display criteria :

The link on the acronym of the identifiers give access to the information for this acronym in the dictionary of nomenclature.
Identifiers (20) :
An access of full data is available using the icon Vizier near the identifier of the catalogue

ZwCl 0024+1652 ClG 0024+17 2E 0024.0+1653 XMMXCS J002635.8+170930.5
ACT-CL J0026.5+1709 ClG 0024.0+1654 2E 87 XMMXCS J002635.9+170930.7
BAX 006.6500+17.1434 ClG 0024.0+1652 HMS 0024+1654 ZwCl 457-28
ClG 0024+16 ClG 0024+1652 XCLASS 377 [F81] 13
ClG 0024+1654 ClG 0024.5+1653 XMMU J002635.5+170932 [RRB2014] RM J002635.7+170943.1

References (635 between 1850 and 2024) (Total 635)
Simbad bibliographic survey began in 1850 for stars (at least bright stars) and in 1983 for all other objects (outside the solar system).
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Collections of Measurements


velocities : 6   

   

Observing logs


herschel : 13    ISO : 3    XMM : 2   

   

External archives :

Archive data at HEASARC - High-Energy Astrophysics Science Archive Research Center

Link by name to the catalogue in VizieR :

2E 87

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