SIMBAD references

Recent observations show that the metallicity Z_BLR of the broad-line region (BLR) in active galactic nuclei (AGNs) is solar to supersolar, which is positively correlated with the mass of supermassive black holes (M_BH) and does not evolve with the redshift up to z ∼ 7. We revisit the M_BH-Z_BLR correlation with more AGNs with M_BH ∼ 10^6–8 M_⊙ and find that the positive correlation becomes flat in the low-mass range. It is known that the outer part of accretion disks is gravitationally unstable and can fragment into stars. Considering the star formation and supernovae in the outer AGN disk, we calculate the metal enrichment and find that the positive M_BH-Z_BLR correlation can be roughly reproduced if the stellar mass distribution is “top heavy.” We find that the observed BLR size is more or less similar to the self-gravity radius of the AGN disk, which suggests that the BLR may be closely correlated with the underlying accretion process.