2022A&A...668A.169U

Query : 2022A&A...668A.169U

2022A&A...668A.169U - Astronomy and Astrophysics, volume 668A, 169 (2022/12-1)

Ion irradiation triggers the formation of the precursors of complex organics in space The case of formaldehyde and acetaldehyde.

URSO R.G., HENAULT E., BRUNETTO R., BAKLOUTI D., BARATTA G.A., DJOUADI Z., ELSAESSER A., SCIRE C., STRAZZULLA G. and PALUMBO M.E.

Abstract (from CDS):

Context. Cosmic rays and solar energetic particles induce changes in the composition of compounds frozen onto dust grains in the interstellar medium (ISM), in comets, and on the surfaces of atmosphere-less small bodies in the outer Solar System. This induces the destruction of pristine compounds and triggers the formation of various species, including the precursors of complex organics. Aims. We investigate the role of energetic ions in the formation of formaldehyde (H2CO) and acetaldehyde (CH3CHO), which are observed in the ISM and in comets, and which are thought to be the precursors of more complex compounds such as hexamethylenete-tramine (HMT), which is found in carbonaceous chondrites and in laboratory samples produced after the irradiation and warm-up of astrophysical ices. Methods. We performed ion irradiation of water, methanol, and ammonia mixtures at 14-18 K. We bombarded frozen films with 40-200 keV H+ that simulate solar energetic particles and low-energy cosmic rays. Samples were analysed by infrared transmission spectroscopy. Results. Among other molecules, we observe the formation of H2CO and CH3CHO, and we find that their abundance depends on the dose and on the stoichiometry of the mixtures. We find that the H2CO abundance reaches the highest value after a dose of 10 eV/16u and then it decreases as the dose increases. Conclusions. The data suggest that surfaces exposed to high doses are depleted in H2CO. This explains why the amount of HMT in organic residues and that formed after irradiation of ices depends on the dose deposited in the ice. Because the H2CO abundance decreases at doses higher than 10 eV/16u, a lower quantity of H2CO is available to form HMT during the subsequent warm-up. The H2CO abundances caused by ion bombardment are insufficient to explain the ISM abundances, but ion bombardment can account for the abundance of CH3CHO towards the ISM and comets.

Abstract Copyright: © R. G. Urso et al. 2022

Journal keyword(s): astrochemistry - ISM: molecules - ISM: abundances - methods: laboratory: solid state - techniques: spectroscopic

Simbad objects: 1

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Number of rows : 1
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2024 		#notes
1 W 33a Y*O 18 14 39.56547 -17 52 02.2260           ~ 696 0

Query : 2022A&A...668A.169U

Basic data :
W 33a -- Young Stellar Object
Origin of the objects types :

(Ref) Object type as listed in the reference "Ref"
(acronym) Object type linked to the acronym according to the original reference
() Anterior to 2007, before we can link the objet type to a reference, or given by the CDS team in some particular cases

Other object types: 		Mas (2010MNRAS,Caswell,...), smm (AGAL,JCMTLSP,...), HII (1996A&AS,[BNM96],...), MIR (AKARI,MSX5C,...), Rad (GRS,Kes,...), Y*O (2015MNRAS), IR (IRAS,RAFGL), out (2015MNRAS), cor (2016ApJ), G (2MASX), mm ([VVE2000])
Syntax of coordinates is : "ra dec (wtype) [error ellipse] quality bibcode" :
  • ra dec : right ascension and declination (unit and frame defined according to your Output Options)
    Grey values are increasing the original precision due to the computation of frame transformations
  • (wtype) : wavelength class for the origin of the coordinates (Rad, mm, IR, Optical, UV, Xray, Gam)
  • [error ellipse] : measurement uncertainty, on (ra,dec) if the positional angle is 90 degrees, on (majaxis,minaxis) otherwise (in mas at defined epoch in the original catalogue),
    position angle (in degrees North celestial pole to East)
  • quality : flag of quality
    • E ≥ 10"
    • D : 1-10" (and some old data)
    • C : 0.1-1"
    • B : 0.01-0.1" + 2MASS, Tyc
    • A : VLBI, Hipparcos
  • bibcode : bibcode of the coordinates reference
ICRS coord. (ep=J2000) : 		18 14 39.56547 -17 52 02.2260 (Near-IR) [ ] C 2006AJ....131.1163S
Syntax of coordinates is : "ra dec (wtype) [error ellipse] quality bibcode" :
  • ra dec : right ascension and declination (unit and frame defined according to your Output Options)
    Grey values are increasing the original precision due to the computation of frame transformations
  • (wtype) : wavelength class for the origin of the coordinates (Rad, mm, IR, Optical, UV, Xray, Gam)
  • [error ellipse] : measurement uncertainty, on (ra,dec) if the positional angle is 90 degrees, on (majaxis,minaxis) otherwise (in mas at defined epoch in the original catalogue),
    position angle (in degrees North celestial pole to East)
  • quality : flag of quality
    • E ≥ 10"
    • D : 1-10" (and some old data)
    • C : 0.1-1"
    • B : 0.01-0.1" + 2MASS, Tyc
    • A : VLBI, Hipparcos
  • bibcode : bibcode of the coordinates reference
FK4 coord. (ep=B1950 eq=1950) : 		18 11 44.27029 -17 52 59.7969 [ ]
Syntax of coordinates is : "ra dec (wtype) [error ellipse] quality bibcode" :
  • ra dec : right ascension and declination (unit and frame defined according to your Output Options)
    Grey values are increasing the original precision due to the computation of frame transformations
  • (wtype) : wavelength class for the origin of the coordinates (Rad, mm, IR, Optical, UV, Xray, Gam)
  • [error ellipse] : measurement uncertainty, on (ra,dec) if the positional angle is 90 degrees, on (majaxis,minaxis) otherwise (in mas at defined epoch in the original catalogue),
    position angle (in degrees North celestial pole to East)
  • quality : flag of quality
    • E ≥ 10"
    • D : 1-10" (and some old data)
    • C : 0.1-1"
    • B : 0.01-0.1" + 2MASS, Tyc
    • A : VLBI, Hipparcos
  • bibcode : bibcode of the coordinates reference
Gal coord. (ep=J2000) : 		012.90812042 -00.26074253 [ ]
Syntax of proper motions is : "pm-ra pm-dec [error ellipse] quality bibcode"
  • pm-ra : mu-ra*cos(dec) (expressed in the ICRS system in mas/yr)
  • pm-dec : mu-dec (expressed in the ICRS system in mas/yr)
  • [error ellipse] : error major axis and minor axis (in mas), orientation angle (in deg)
  • quality : flag of quality (A=best quality -> E=worst quality, {� } =unknown quality)
  • bibcode : bibcode of the proper motion reference
Proper motions mas/yr : 		-0.36 -2.22 [0.40 0.40 90] C 2019ApJ...885..131R
Syntax of Velocity of Local System is : "VSLR Vmin Vmax [error] (wavelength) bibcode"
  • VLSR : central velocity (km/s)
  • Vmin : minimum of the velocity range (km/s)
  • Vmax : maximum of the velocity range (km/s)
  • [error] : velocity resolution (km/s)
  • (wavelength) : wavelength range of the measurement : Rad, mm, IR, Opt, UV, Xray, Gam or  '∼'(unknown)
  • bibcode : bibcode of the origin of the velocity
VLSR : 		36.6 32.3 40.9 [0.13] (Rad) 1996A&AS..115...81B
Syntax of parallax is : 'value quality [error] bibcode'
  • value : parallax value
  • quality : flag of quality (A=best quality -> E=worst quality, {� } =unknown quality)
  • [error] : mean error
  • bibcode : bibcode of the parallax reference
Parallaxes (mas): 		0.396 [0.032] C 2019ApJ...885..131R
Syntax of angular size is : "maj-axis min-axis angle (wtype) quality bibcode"
  • maj-axis : major axis size (arc minutes)
  • min-axis : minor axis size (arc minutes)
  • angle : orientation angle (in degrees)
  • (wtype) : wavelength class for the origin of the angular size (Rad, mm, IR, Opt, UV, Xray, Gam)
  • quality : flag of quality of the angular size values ( A=best quality -> E=worst quality, {� } =unknown quality)
  • bibcode : bibcode of the angular size reference
Angular size (arcmin): 		0.897 0.305 220 (NIR) C 2006AJ....131.1163S
Syntax of fluxes (or magnitudes) is : "filter-name (System) flux-value [error] quality MultVarFlags bibcode"
  • filter-name : U, B, V, R, I, G, J, H, K, u, g, r, i, z
  • (System) : may be AB (default is Vega)
  • flux-value : value of flux or magnitude
  • [error] : error value
  • quality : flag of quality of the flux value ( A=best quality -> E=worst quality, {� } =unknown quality)
  • MultVarFlags : Mult is zero or one char (J) for joined photometry ; Var can be zero or two chars (V[0-4])
  • bibcode : bibcode of the flux reference
Fluxes (3) :
J 13.055 [0.047] C 2006AJ....131.1163S
H 10.212 [0.135] C 2006AJ....131.1163S
K 7.967 [0.051] C 2006AJ....131.1163S
SIMBAD within arcmin
', {sourceSize:12, color:'#30a090'})); aladin.on('objectClicked', function(object) { var objName=object.data.MAIN_ID; aladin.showPopup(object.ra,object.dec,'',''+ objName+''); });" title="Show Simbad objects"> Overlay Simbad points in this preview
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Hierarchy : number of linked objects
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%This number is the number of distinct objets linked, by using this button, you will obtain all links (may be more than one) from that object to his children

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The link on the acronym of the identifiers give access to the information for this acronym in the dictionary of nomenclature.
Identifiers (41) :
An access of full data is available using the icon Vizier near the identifier of the catalogue

AGAL G012.908-00.259 JPS G012.908-00.261 SCOPE G012.91-00.26 [RMB2014] G012.90-00.26
AKARI-IRC-V1 J1814396-175156 Kes 64 WISEA J181439.52-175200.5 [SHK2000] 18117-1753
Caswell CH3OH 012.909-00.260 2MASX J18143956-1752022 WISE J181439.58-175158.3 [THW2006] G012.908-00.261SMM
Caswell CH3OH 012.91-00.26 MMB G012.909-00.260 W 33a [THW2006] G012.90-00.25 a
Caswell H2O 012.91-00.26 MSH 18-1-04 [ARM2000] G012.908-00.259 [VVE2000] W33A MM 2
GAL 012.9-00.3 MSX5C G012.9079-00.2606 [BNM96] 012.907-0.259 [WBH98] 18117-1753
GRS G012.90 -00.30 MSX6C G012.9090-00.2607 [CUS2014] G012.9071-0.2595 [WHR97] 18117-1753
IRAS 18117-1753 OH 012.91-00.26 [ERG2015] 2777 [WWW74] G012.9-0.3
JCMTLSP J181439.4-175203 OH 012.908-00.260 [JGD81] H2O 012.91-0.26
JCMTSE J181439.2-175202 OH 012.9-00.3 [PCC93] 236
JCMTSF J181439.2-175202 RAFGL 2090 [PMB2005] CH3OH 012.90-00.26

References (696 between 1850 and 2024) (Total 696)
Simbad bibliographic survey began in 1850 for stars (at least bright stars) and in 1983 for all other objects (outside the solar system).
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Collections of Measurements


velocities : 6    distance : 2    PLX : 1    PM : 1   

   

Observing logs


herschel : 156    ISO : 14   

   

External archives :

Data at NED - NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database : W 33a

Link by name to the catalogue in VizieR :

AKARI-IRC-V1 J1814396-175156 IRAS 18117-1753 2MASX J18143956-1752022 MSX5C G012.9079-00.2606 MSX6C G012.9090-00.2607
RAFGL 2090 WISEA J181439.52-175200.5 WISE J181439.58-175158.3

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