2021MNRAS.500.2937A

Query : 2021MNRAS.500.2937A

2021MNRAS.500.2937A - Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc., 500, 2937-2957 (2021/January-3)

The orbital evolution of UFDs and GCs in an evolving Galactic potential.

ARMSTRONG B.M., BEKKI K. and LUDLOW A.D.

Abstract (from CDS):

We use the second Gaia data release to investigate the kinematics of 17 ultra-faint dwarf galaxies (UFDs) and 154 globular clusters (GCs) in the Milky Way, focusing on the differences between static and evolving models of the Galactic potential. An evolving potential modifies a satellite's orbit relative to its static equivalent, though the difference is small compared to existing uncertainties on orbital parameters. We find that the UFD Bootes II is likely on its first passage around the Milky Way. Depending on the assumed mass of the Milky Way, the UFDs Triangulum II, Hydrus I, Coma Berenices, Draco II, and Ursa Major II, as well as the GC Pyxis, may also be on first infall so may be useful for constraining the mass of the Galaxy. We identify a clear kinematic distinction between metal-rich ([Fe/H] > -1.1) and metal-poor GCs ([Fe/H] <= -1.1). Although most metal-rich clusters occupy predominately prograde orbits, with low eccentricities (e ≃ 0.35) and similar specific angular momenta and orbital planes as the Galactic disc, seven show potentially retrograde orbits, the origin of which is unclear. Metal-poor clusters have more diverse orbits, higher eccentricities (e ≃ 0.65), and half of them have orbital planes offset from the disc by 60° to 120°-twice as many as the metal-poor GCs. The UFDs have similar θ and ph to the metal-poor GCs, suggesting a similar origin. We provide a catalogue of orbital parameters for UFDs and GCs for two different Galaxy masses and their observational uncertainties.

Abstract Copyright: © 2020 The Author(s) Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Royal Astronomical Society

Journal keyword(s): Galaxy: evolution - Galaxy: kinematics and dynamics - galaxies: dwarf - Local Group - galaxies: star clusters: general

Status at CDS : Large table(s) will be appraised for possible ingestion in VizieR.

Simbad objects: 178

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Number of rows : 178
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2024 		#notes
1 NGC 104 GlC 00 24 05.359 -72 04 53.20     4.09     ~ 3914 0
2 NAME SMC G 00 52 38.0 -72 48 01   2.79 2.2     ~ 11145 1
3 NGC 288 GlC 00 52 45.24 -26 34 57.4   10 8.13     ~ 1041 0
4 NAME Sculptor Dwarf Galaxy G 01 00 09.4 -33 42 32   9.79 8.6 8.81   ~ 1358 4
5 NGC 362 GlC 01 03 14.26 -70 50 55.6     6.58     ~ 1084 0
6 NAME Phoenix Dwarf Galaxy Sy1 01 51 06.3 -44 26 41   13.48 13.2 12.69   ~ 533 2
7 NAME Whiting 1 GlC 02 02 56.8 -03 15 10           ~ 149 0
8 NAME Tri II G 02 13 17.40 +36 10 42.4           ~ 130 0
9 NAME Segue 2 G 02 19 16.0 +20 10 31     15.2     ~ 262 0
10 NAME Hydrus I G 02 29 33.4 -79 18 32           ~ 56 0
11 NAME Hor I G 02 55 31.7 -54 07 08           ~ 141 0
12 NAME Magellanic Clouds GrG 03 00 -71.0           ~ 7062 0
13 NGC 1261 GlC 03 12 16.21 -55 12 58.4     8.63     ~ 520 0
14 Cl Pal 1 GlC 03 33 20.04 +79 34 51.8   17.2       ~ 243 1
15 NAME Reticulum II G 03 35 42.1 -54 02 57           ~ 309 0
16 NAME Eridanus ClG GrG 03 38 32.00 -22 18 51.0           ~ 176 0
17 NAME E 1 GlC 03 55 02.5 -49 36 52           ~ 207 0
18 Cl Pal 2 GlC 04 46 05.91 +31 22 53.4   15       ~ 180 0
19 NGC 1851 GlC 05 14 06.76 -40 02 47.6           ~ 1429 0
20 NAME LMC G 05 23 34.6 -69 45 22     0.4     ~ 17428 0
21 M 79 GlC 05 24 10.59 -24 31 27.3     8.16     ~ 816 0
22 NGC 2298 GlC 06 48 59.41 -36 00 19.1     8.89     ~ 497 0
23 NAME Carina II Dwarf Galaxy G 07 36 25.6 -57 59 57           ~ 66 0
24 NGC 2419 GlC 07 38 08.51 +38 52 54.9     10.05     ~ 931 0
25 NAME Car III Dwarf Galaxy G 07 38 31.2 -57 53 59           ~ 62 0
26 NAME UMa II Galaxy G 08 51 30.0 +63 07 48     13.3     ~ 374 0
27 NAME PYX GLOBULAR CL GlC 09 07 57.80 -37 13 17.0           ~ 106 0
28 NGC 2808 GlC 09 12 03.10 -64 51 48.6           ~ 1419 0
29 NAME E 3 GlC 09 20 57.07 -77 16 54.8           ~ 164 0
30 NAME Sextans C GlC 10 05 30.96 +00 04 15.4   15.5 13.9     ~ 327 1
31 NAME Segue 1 G 10 07 03.2 +16 04 25     15.3     ~ 465 1
32 Z 64-73 G 10 08 28.12 +12 18 23.4   11.3 10.0     ~ 1208 1
33 NGC 3201 GlC 10 17 36.82 -46 24 44.9           ~ 884 0
34 NAME UMa I Galaxy G 10 34 52.80 +51 55 12.0     14.4     ~ 328 1
35 NAME Willman 1 G 10 49 21.0 +51 03 00     15.2     ~ 320 0
36 GCl 17 GlC 11 29 16.80 +28 58 25.0   14.4       ~ 353 1
37 NAME Crater Cluster GlC 11 36 16.20 -10 52 38.8           ~ 91 1
38 NGC 4147 GlC 12 10 06.149 +18 32 31.78   11.45 10.74     ~ 572 0
39 NGC 4372 GlC 12 25 45.43 -72 39 32.7   10.86 9.85     ~ 303 0
40 NAME Coma Dwarf Galaxy G 12 26 59.0 +23 54 15     14.1     ~ 452 1
41 C 1235-509 GlC 12 38 40.20 -51 09 01.0           ~ 376 0
42 M 68 GlC 12 39 27.98 -26 44 38.6     7.96     ~ 997 0
43 NGC 4833 GlC 12 59 33.92 -70 52 35.4           ~ 425 0
44 M 53 GlC 13 12 55.25 +18 10 05.4     7.79     ~ 836 0
45 NGC 5053 GlC 13 16 27.09 +17 42 00.9     9.96     ~ 620 0
46 NGC 5139 GlC 13 26 47.28 -47 28 46.1           ~ 3425 0
47 M 3 GlC 13 42 11.62 +28 22 38.2     6.39     ~ 2478 0
48 NGC 5286 GlC 13 46 26.81 -51 22 27.3           ~ 443 0
49 C 1353-269 GlC 13 56 21.702 -27 10 03.00           ~ 130 0
50 NAME Bootes II G 13 58 00.0 +12 51 00     15.4     ~ 241 0
51 NAME Bootes Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxy G 14 00 00.0 +14 30 00     12.8     ~ 437 0
52 NGC 5466 GlC 14 05 27.29 +28 32 04.0     9.70     ~ 828 0
53 NGC 5634 GlC 14 29 37.28 -05 58 35.1   10.69 10.05     ~ 300 0
54 NGC 5694 GlC 14 39 36.52 -26 32 18.0           ~ 301 0
55 IC 4499 GlC 15 00 18.57 -82 12 49.6     8.56     ~ 351 0
56 NGC 5824 GlC 15 03 58.612 -33 04 06.70   10.28 9.56     ~ 408 0
57 NAME Serpens Dwarf GlC 15 16 05.30 -00 06 41.0   15.1       ~ 734 1
58 NGC 5897 GlC 15 17 24.40 -21 00 36.4   10.16 8.52     ~ 389 0
59 M 5 GlC 15 18 33.22 +02 04 51.7     5.95     ~ 1977 0
60 NGC 5927 GlC 15 28 00.69 -50 40 22.9           ~ 462 0
61 NGC 5946 GlC 15 35 28.58 -50 39 35.0           ~ 194 0
62 NGC 5986 GlC 15 46 03.00 -37 47 11.1     6.92     ~ 374 0
63 NAME Draco II Gl? 15 52 47.6 +64 33 55           ~ 107 0
64 [FSR2007] 1716 OpC 16 10 33.0 -53 44 12           ~ 45 0
65 GCl 38 GlC 16 10 59.00 +14 57 42.0           ~ 367 0
66 Cl Lynga 7 OpC 16 11 03.65 -55 19 04.0           ~ 112 0
67 M 80 GlC 16 17 02.41 -22 58 33.9           ~ 715 0
68 M 4 GlC 16 23 35.22 -26 31 32.7           ~ 1848 0
69 NGC 6101 GlC 16 25 48.12 -72 12 07.9           ~ 294 0
70 NGC 6144 GlC 16 27 13.86 -26 01 24.6           ~ 243 0
71 NGC 6139 GlC 16 27 39.987 -38 50 57.03   11.03 9.68     ~ 214 0
72 ESO 390-6 GlC 16 28 40.10 -35 21 13.0     12.0     ~ 97 0
73 M 107 GlC 16 32 31.86 -13 03 13.6           ~ 786 0
74 ESO 452-11 GlC 16 39 25.50 -28 23 52.0           ~ 66 0
75 M 13 GlC 16 41 41.634 +36 27 40.75     5.8     ~ 2191 0
76 NGC 6229 GlC 16 46 58.641 +47 31 36.38   9.38 9.86     ~ 366 0
77 M 12 GlC 16 47 14.18 -01 56 54.7     6.07     ~ 676 0
78 NAME 2MASS-GC03 GlC 16 52 10.602 -47 03 29.00           ~ 52 0
79 NGC 6235 GlC 16 53 25.36 -22 10 38.8   11.99 7.20     ~ 186 0
80 M 10 GlC 16 57 09.05 -04 06 01.1     4.98     ~ 789 0
81 NGC 6256 GlC 16 59 32.68 -37 07 17.1           ~ 153 0
82 GCl 50 GlC 16 59 51.1 -00 32 00   15.70       ~ 200 1
83 M 62 GlC 17 01 12.60 -30 06 44.5           ~ 619 0
84 M 19 GlC 17 02 37.69 -26 16 04.6   8.45 5.57     ~ 369 1
85 NGC 6284 GlC 17 04 28.747 -24 45 51.22   10.72 7.43     ~ 278 0
86 NGC 6287 GlC 17 05 09.4906767360 -22 42 28.099250172   11.49 10.30     ~ 224 0
87 NGC 6293 GlC 17 10 10.42 -26 34 54.2           ~ 281 0
88 NGC 6304 GlC 17 14 32.25 -29 27 43.3           ~ 358 0
89 NGC 6316 GlC 17 16 37.42 -28 08 24.0   10.33 9.03     ~ 216 0
90 M 92 GlC 17 17 07.39 +43 08 09.4     6.52     ~ 2115 0
91 NGC 6325 GlC 17 17 59.27 -23 45 57.7           ~ 171 0
92 M 9 GlC 17 19 11.78 -18 30 58.5   9.36 8.42     ~ 317 0
93 NGC 6342 GlC 17 21 10.14 -19 35 14.7     10.01     ~ 286 0
94 NGC 6356 GlC 17 23 34.99 -17 48 46.9   10.01 7.42     ~ 350 1
95 NGC 6355 GlC 17 23 58.65 -26 21 12.3   12.46 11.05     ~ 155 0
96 NGC 6352 GlC 17 25 29.11 -48 25 19.8           ~ 396 0
97 IC 1257 Bz? 17 27 06.00 -07 05 00.0           ~ 87 0
98 ESO 454-29 GlC 17 27 33.24 -30 48 07.8           ~ 251 0
99 NGC 6366 GlC 17 27 44.24 -05 04 47.5           ~ 310 0
100 GCl 66.1 GlC 17 30 38.90 -31 35 44.0           ~ 117 0
101 ESO 455-11 GlC 17 31 05.20 -29 58 54.0           ~ 169 0
102 NGC 6362 GlC 17 31 54.99 -67 02 54.0           ~ 585 0
103 Liller 1 Cl* 17 33 24.50 -33 23 20.0           ~ 263 0
104 NGC 6380 GlC 17 34 28.00 -39 04 09.0           ~ 140 0
105 ESO 455-23 GlC 17 35 47.80 -30 28 11.0           ~ 254 0
106 Ton 2 GlC 17 36 10.500 -38 33 12.00           ~ 93 0
107 NGC 6388 GlC 17 36 17.461 -44 44 08.34           ~ 913 1
108 M 14 GlC 17 37 36.15 -03 14 45.3   9.55 5.73     ~ 385 0
109 NGC 6401 GlC 17 38 36.93 -23 54 31.5   11.31 10.71     ~ 172 0
110 NGC 6397 GlC 17 40 42.09 -53 40 27.6     5.17     ~ 1975 0
111 ESO 520-21 GlC 17 43 42.20 -26 13 21.0           ~ 178 0
112 NGC 6426 GlC 17 44 54.71 +03 10 12.5           ~ 222 0
113 NAME Galactic Center reg 17 45 39.60213 -29 00 22.0000           ~ 14407 0
114 NAME cl Djorgovski 1 GlC 17 47 28.30 -33 03 56.0           ~ 77 0
115 Cl Terzan 5 Cl* 17 48 05.00 -24 46 48.0           ~ 845 1
116 NGC 6440 GlC 17 48 52.67 -20 21 34.5           ~ 550 0
117 NGC 6441 GlC 17 50 13.06 -37 03 05.2           ~ 884 0
118 ESO 455-49 GlC 17 50 46.40 -31 16 31.0           ~ 185 0
119 NGC 6453 GlC 17 50 51.77 -34 35 55.1   10.49       ~ 166 0
120 NAME UKS 1 GlC 17 54 27.20 -24 08 43.0           ~ 93 0
121 NGC 6496 GlC 17 59 03.68 -44 15 57.4   9.96       ~ 225 0
122 GCl 80.1 GlC 18 01 38.80 -26 50 23.0           ~ 121 0
123 ESO 456-38 GlC 18 01 49.10 -27 49 33.0           ~ 91 0
124 NGC 6517 GlC 18 01 50.376 -08 57 34.39   11.08       ~ 182 0
125 ESO 521-16 GlC 18 02 57.40 -26 04 00.0           ~ 99 0
126 NGC 6522 GlC 18 03 34.08 -30 02 02.3           ~ 524 0
127 NGC 6535 GlC 18 03 50.51 -00 17 51.5     9.85     ~ 294 0
128 NGC 6528 GlC 18 04 49.61 -30 03 20.8   12.12 10.65     ~ 524 0
129 NGC 6539 GlC 18 04 49.74 -07 35 09.1           ~ 225 0
130 NGC 6540 GlC 18 06 08.60 -27 45 55.0           ~ 120 0
131 NGC 6544 GlC 18 07 20.58 -24 59 50.4   11.36 9.90     ~ 296 0
132 ESO 280-6 GlC 18 09 06.000 -46 25 24.00           ~ 51 0
133 NGC 6553 GlC 18 09 15.68 -25 54 27.9   9.08       ~ 600 0
134 NAME 2MASS-GC02 GlC 18 09 36.5 -20 46 44           ~ 53 0
135 NGC 6558 GlC 18 10 17.6 -31 45 50           ~ 225 0
136 IC 1276 GlC 18 10 44.26 -07 12 27.3           ~ 121 0
137 ESO 522-1 GlC 18 12 15.80 -22 44 31.0     14.86     ~ 95 1
138 NGC 6569 GlC 18 13 38.88 -31 49 35.2   10.78 9.47     ~ 238 0
139 ESO 456-78 GlC 18 14 06.600 -28 38 06.00           ~ 62 0
140 NGC 6584 GlC 18 18 37.60 -52 12 56.8     8.17     ~ 288 0
141 NAME Mercer 5 Cl* 18 23 19.800 -13 40 07.00           ~ 23 0
142 NGC 6624 GlC 18 23 40.51 -30 21 39.7           ~ 885 1
143 M 28 GlC 18 24 32.89 -24 52 11.4           ~ 768 0
144 NGC 6638 GlC 18 30 56.25 -25 29 47.1   10.81 9.68     ~ 234 0
145 M 69 GlC 18 31 23.10 -32 20 53.1           ~ 462 0
146 NGC 6642 GlC 18 31 54.23 -23 28 34.1   11.30 10.24     ~ 206 0
147 NGC 6652 GlC 18 35 45.63 -32 59 26.6           ~ 437 0
148 M 22 GlC 18 36 23.94 -23 54 17.1           ~ 1377 0
149 ESO 591-12 GlC 18 41 29.90 -19 49 33.0           ~ 114 0
150 M 70 GlC 18 43 12.76 -32 17 31.6           ~ 385 0
151 NGC 6712 GlC 18 53 04.32 -08 42 21.5           ~ 518 0
152 M 54 GlC 18 55 03.33 -30 28 47.5           ~ 1067 0
153 NGC 6717 GlC 18 55 06.04 -22 42 05.3           ~ 244 0
154 NGC 6723 GlC 18 59 33.15 -36 37 56.1           ~ 499 0
155 NGC 6749 OpC 19 05 15.36 +01 54 00.0     12.4     ~ 157 0
156 NGC 6752 GlC 19 10 52.11 -59 59 04.4           ~ 2000 0
157 NGC 6760 GlC 19 11 12.06 +01 01 49.7   11.37 9.78     ~ 240 0
158 M 56 GlC 19 16 35.57 +30 11 00.5           ~ 422 0
159 Cl Terzan 7 GlC 19 17 43.92 -34 39 27.8           ~ 427 0
160 GCl 111 GlC 19 18 02.10 +18 34 18.0           ~ 111 0
161 Cl Arp 2 GlC 19 28 44.11 -30 21 20.3     12.41     ~ 354 0
162 M 55 GlC 19 39 59.71 -30 57 53.1     6.49     ~ 853 0
163 Cl Terzan 8 GlC 19 41 44.41 -33 59 58.1     11.54     ~ 321 0
164 GCl 114 GlC 19 45 14.40 -08 00 26.0     7.54     ~ 142 0
165 M 71 GlC 19 53 46.49 +18 46 45.1           ~ 1127 0
166 M 75 GlC 20 06 04.841 -21 55 20.14     8.26     ~ 366 0
167 NGC 6934 GlC 20 34 11.37 +07 24 16.1           ~ 422 0
168 M 72 GlC 20 53 27.70 -12 32 14.3     8.96     ~ 430 0
169 NGC 7006 GlC 21 01 29.465 +16 11 16.49     10.46     ~ 531 0
170 M 15 GlC 21 29 58.33 +12 10 01.2           ~ 3138 0
171 M 2 GlC 21 33 27.02 -00 49 23.7     6.25     ~ 1030 1
172 M 30 GlC 21 40 22.12 -23 10 47.5     7.10     ~ 1048 0
173 Cl Pal 12 GlC 21 46 38.84 -21 15 09.4     11.89     ~ 516 0
174 NAME Tuc II G 22 51 55.1 -58 34 08           ~ 155 0
175 GCl 124 GlC 23 06 44.48 +12 46 19.2   15.6       ~ 277 1
176 NGC 7492 GlC 23 08 26.68 -15 36 41.3     10.48     ~ 300 0
177 NAME Tuc III G 23 56.6 -59 36           ~ 189 0
178 NAME Local Group GrG ~ ~           ~ 8387 0

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