SIMBAD references

Ultralight dark matter (ULDM) is currently one of the most popular classes of cosmological dark matter. The most important advantage is that ULDM with mass m ∼ 10^–22 eV can account for the small-scale problems encountered in the standard cold dark matter model like the core-cusp problem, missing satellite problem, and the too-big-to-fail problem in galaxies. In this paper, we formulate a new simple model-independent analysis using the Spitzer Photometry and Accurate Rotation Curves data to constrain the range of ULDM mass. In particular, the most stringent constraint comes from the data of a galaxy ESO563-G021, which can conservatively exclude a ULDM mass range m = (0.14-3.11) x 10^–22 eV. This model-independent excluded range is consistent with many bounds obtained by recent studies and it suggests that the ULDM proposal may not be able to alleviate the small-scale problems.