2015ApJ...801...18M -
Astrophys. J., 801, 18 (2015/March-1)
Kepler-445, Kepler-446 and the occurrence of compact multiples orbiting mid-M dwarf stars.
MUIRHEAD P.S., MANN A.W., VANDERBURG A., MORTON T.D., KRAUS A., IRELAND M., SWIFT J.J., FEIDEN G.A., GAIDOS E. and GAZAK J.Z.
Abstract (from CDS):
We confirm and characterize the exoplanetary systems Kepler-445 and Kepler-446: two mid-M dwarf stars, each with multiple, small, short-period transiting planets. Kepler-445 is a metal-rich ([Fe/H] = +0.25±0.10) M4 dwarf with three transiting planets, and Kepler-446 is a metal-poor ([Fe/H] = -0.30±0.10) M4 dwarf also with three transiting planets. Kepler-445c is similar to GJ 1214b: both in planetary radius and the properties of the host star. The Kepler-446 system is similar to the Kepler-42 system: both are metal-poor with large galactic space velocities and three short-period, likely rocky transiting planets that were initially assigned erroneously large planet-to-star radius ratios. We independently determined stellar parameters from spectroscopy and searched for and fitted the transit light curves for the planets, imposing a strict prior on stellar density in order to remove correlations between the fitted impact parameter and planet-to-star radius ratio for short-duration transits. Combining Kepler-445, Kepler-446, and Kepler-42, and isolating all mid-M dwarf stars observed by Kepler with the precision necessary to detect similar systems, we calculate that 21–5+7% of mid-M dwarf stars host compact multiples (multiple planets with periods of less than 10 days) for a wide range of metallicities. We suggest that the inferred planet masses for these systems support highly efficient accretion of protoplanetary disk metals by mid-M dwarf protoplanets.
Abstract Copyright:
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Journal keyword(s):
planetary systems - stars: fundamental parameters - stars: individual: (KOI-2704, KOI-2842, Kepler-42, Barnard's Star) - stars: late-type - stars: low-mass
Simbad objects:
31
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