2011ApJ...735...64W -
Astrophys. J., 735, 64 (2011/July-1)
Hierarchical fragmentation and jet-like outflows in IRDC G28.34+0.06: a growing massive protostar cluster.
WANG K., ZHANG Q., WU Y. and ZHANG H.
Abstract (from CDS):
We present Submillimeter Array (SMA) λ = 0.88 mm observations of an infrared dark cloud G28.34+0.06. Located in the quiescent southern part of the G28.34 cloud, the region of interest is a massive (>103 M☉) molecular clump P1 with a luminosity of ∼103 L☉, where our previous SMA observations at 1.3 mm have revealed a string of five dust cores of 22-64 M☉ along the 1 pc IR-dark filament. The cores are well aligned at a position angle (P.A.) of 48° and regularly spaced at an average projected separation of 0.16 pc. The new high-resolution, high-sensitivity 0.88 mm image further resolves the five cores into 10 compact condensations of 1.4-10.6 M☉, with sizes of a few thousand AU. The spatial structure at clump (∼1 pc) and core (∼0.1 pc) scales indicates a hierarchical fragmentation. While the clump fragmentation is consistent with a cylindrical collapse, the observed fragment masses are much larger than the expected thermal Jeans masses. All the cores are driving CO (3-2) outflows up to 38 km/s, the majority of which are bipolar, jet-like outflows. The moderate luminosity of the P1 clump sets a limit on the mass of protostars of 3-7 M☉. Because of the large reservoir of dense molecular gas in the immediate medium and ongoing accretion as evident by the jet-like outflows, we speculate that P1 will grow and eventually form a massive star cluster. This study provides a first glimpse of massive, clustered star formation that currently undergoes through an intermediate-mass stage.
Abstract Copyright:
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Journal keyword(s):
ISM: individual: G28.34+0.06 - ISM: jets and outflows - stars: early-type - stars: formation
Nomenclature:
Fig. 1, Table 2: [WZW2011] SMANa (Nos SMA2a-d, SMA4a-c).
Simbad objects:
38
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