SIMBAD references

2005ApJS..161..118M - Astrophys. J., Suppl. Ser., 161, 118-146 (2005/November-0)

The evolutionary status of Be stars: results from a photometric study of southern open clusters.

McSWAIN M.V. and GIES D.R.

Abstract (from CDS):

Be stars are a class of rapidly rotating B stars with circumstellar disks that cause Balmer and other line emission. There are three possible reasons for the rapid rotation of Be stars: they may have been born as rapid rotators, spun up by binary mass transfer, or spun up during the main-sequence (MS) evolution of B stars. To test the various formation scenarios, we have conducted a photometric survey of 55 open clusters in the southern sky. Of these, five clusters are probably not physically associated groups and our results for two other clusters are not reliable, but we identify 52 definite Be stars and an additional 129 Be candidates in the remaining clusters. We use our results to examine the age and evolutionary dependence of the Be phenomenon. We find an overall increase in the fraction of Be stars with age until 100 Myr, and Be stars are most common among the brightest, most massive B-type stars above the zero-age main sequence (ZAMS). We show that a spin-up phase at the terminal-age main sequence (TAMS) cannot produce the observed distribution of Be stars, but up to 73% of the Be stars detected may have been spun-up by binary mass transfer. Most of the remaining Be stars were likely rapid rotators at birth. Previous studies have suggested that low metallicity and high cluster density may also favor Be star formation. Our results indicate a possible increase in the fraction of Be stars with increasing cluster distance from the Galactic center (in environments of decreasing metallicity). However, the trend is not significant and could be ruled out due to the intrinsic scatter in our data. We also find no relationship between the fraction of Be stars and cluster density.

Abstract Copyright: ∼

Journal keyword(s): open clusters and associations: individual (Basel 1) - open clusters and associations: individual (Bochum 13) - open clusters and associations: individual (Collinder 272) - open clusters and associations: individual (Haffner 16) - open clusters and associations: individual (Hogg 16{Hogg 16}) - open clusters and associations: individual (Hogg 22) - open clusters and associations: individual (IC 2395) - open clusters and associations: individual (IC 2581) - open clusters and associations: individual (IC 2944) - open clusters and associations: individual (NGC 2343) - Galaxy: Open Clusters and Associations: Individual: NGC Number: NGC 2362 - open clusters and associations: individual (NGC 2367) - open clusters and associations: individual (NGC 2383) - open clusters and associations: individual (NGC 2384) - open clusters and associations: individual (NGC 2414) - open clusters and associations: individual (NGC 2421) - open clusters and associations: individual (NGC 2439) - open clusters and associations: individual (NGC 2483) - open clusters and associations: individual (NGC 2489) - open clusters and associations: individual (NGC 2571) - open clusters and associations: individual (NGC 2659) - open clusters and associations: individual (NGC 3293) - Galaxy: Open Clusters and Associations: Individual: NGC Number: NGC 3766 - open clusters and associations: individual (NGC 4103) - open clusters and associations: individual (NGC 4755) - open clusters and associations: individual (NGC 5281) - open clusters and associations: individual (NGC 5593) - open clusters and associations: individual (NGC 6178) - open clusters and associations: individual (NGC 6193) - open clusters and associations: individual (NGC 6200) - open clusters and associations: individual (NGC 6204) - Galaxy: Open Clusters and Associations: Individual: NGC Number: NGC 6231 - open clusters and associations: individual (NGC 6249) - open clusters and associations: individual (NGC 6250) - open clusters and associations: individual (NGC 6268) - open clusters and associations: individual (NGC 6322) - open clusters and associations: individual (NGC 6425) - Galaxy: Open Clusters and Associations: Individual: NGC Number: NGC 6530 - open clusters and associations: individual (NGC 6531) - open clusters and associations: individual (NGC 6604) - open clusters and associations: individual (NGC 6613) - open clusters and associations: individual (NGC 6664) - open clusters and associations: individual (Ruprecht 79) - open clusters and associations: individual (Ruprecht 119) - open clusters and associations: individual (Ruprecht 127) - open clusters and associations: individual (Ruprecht 140) - open clusters and associations: individual (Stock 13) - open clusters and associations: individual (Stock 14) - open clusters and associations: individual (Trumpler 7) - open clusters and associations: individual (Trumpler 18) - open clusters and associations: individual (Trumpler 20) - open clusters and associations: individual (Trumpler 27) - open clusters and associations: individual (Trumpler 28) - open clusters and associations: individual (Trumpler 34) - open clusters and associations: individual (vdB-Hagen 217) - Stars: Emission-Line, Be

VizieR on-line data: <Available at CDS (J/ApJS/161/118): table1.dat table2.dat refs.dat table4.dat>

Nomenclature: Table 1: Cl* Basel 1 MG NNN (Nos 1-831), Cl* Bochum 13 MG NN (Nos 1-47), Cl* Collinder 272 MG NNN (Nos 1-804), Cl* Haffner 16 MG NNNN (Nos 1-1188), Cl* Hogg NN MG NNN N=352+26, Cl* IC NNNN MG NNN N=180+374+116, Cl* NGC NNNN MG NNN N=171+134+177+565+211+125+586+208+356+486+165+252+131+209+315+262+110+302+101+8 5+321+162+269+303+56+194+85+352+75+112+73+98+274, Cl* Ruprecht NNN MG NNN N=691+754+155+712, Cl* Trumpler NN MG NNNN N=122+318+1183+58+225+623, Cl* VDBH 217 MG NNN (Nos 1-267).

Simbad objects: 322

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