2005ApJ...627...32S

Query : 2005ApJ...627...32S

2005ApJ...627...32S - Astrophys. J., 627, 32-52 (2005/July-1)

A systematic search for gravitationally lensed arcs in the Hubble Space Telescope WFPC2 archive.

SAND D.J., TREU T., ELLIS R.S. and SMITH G.P.

Abstract (from CDS):

We present the results of a systematic search for gravitationally lensed arcs in clusters of galaxies located in the Hubble Space Telescope Wide Field and Planetary Camera 2 data archive. By carefully examining the images of 128 clusters we have located 12 candidate radial arcs and 104 tangential arcs, each of whose length-to-width ratio exceeds 7. In addition, 24 other radial arc candidates were identified with a length-to-width ratio of less than 7. Keck spectroscopy of 17 candidate radial arcs suggests that contamination of the radial arc sample from nonlensed objects is ∼30%-50%. With our catalog, we explore the practicality of using the number ratio of radial to tangential arcs as a statistical measure of the slope β of the dark matter distribution in cluster cores (where ρDM∝r–β at small radii). Despite the heterogeneous nature of the cluster sample, we demonstrate that this abundance ratio is fairly constant across various cluster subsamples partitioned according to X-ray luminosity and optical survey depth. We develop the necessary formalism to interpret this ratio in the context of two-component mass models for cluster cores. Although the arc statistics in our survey are consistent with a range of density profiles–β≲1.6 depending on various assumptions–we show that one of the prime limiting factors is the distribution of stellar masses for the brightest cluster galaxies. We discuss the prospects for improving the observational constraints and thereby providing a reliable statistical constraint on cluster dark matter profiles on ≲100 kpc scales.

Abstract Copyright: ∼

Journal keyword(s): Galaxies: Clusters: General - Galaxies: Elliptical and Lenticular, cD - Cosmology: Gravitational Lensing

VizieR on-line data: <Available at CDS (J/ApJ/627/32): table3.dat table4.dat refs.dat>

Nomenclature: Table 4: [STE2005] ANNNN AN N=27, [STE2005] AC118 AN (Nos A1-A3), [STE2005] AC114 TN (Nos T1-T3), [STE2005] ClG JHHMM+DDMM AN, [STE2005] ClG HHMM+DDMM AN, N=32, [STE2005] ZNNNN AN, N=2.

Status at CDS : All or part of tables of objects will be ingested in SIMBAD with priority 1.

CDS comments: Tables 3, 4: 5C 6.124 is a misprint for 5C 6.142

Simbad objects: 213

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Number of rows : 213
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2024 		#notes
1 ACO 11 ClG 00 12 44 -16 26.3           ~ 23 0
2 ACO 2744 ClG 00 14 20.03 -30 23 17.8           ~ 813 0
3 ClG 0016+16 ClG 00 18 33.3 +16 26 36           ~ 502 0
4 [KKF92] D LeI 00 26 31.7 +17 09 59           ~ 7 1
5 [KKF92] E LeI 00 26 32.5 +17 09 48           ~ 9 0
6 [KKF92] C LeI 00 26 33.9 +17 09 16           ~ 8 0
7 [KKF92] B LeI 00 26 34.5 +17 09 27           ~ 7 0
8 [KKF92] A LeI 00 26 34.9 +17 09 37           ~ 8 0
9 ZwCl 0024+1652 ClG 00 26 35.6 +17 09 32     18.35     ~ 635 1
10 ACO 68 ClG 00 37 06.2 +09 09 33           ~ 186 0
11 3C 16 rG 00 37 44.570 +13 19 55.00   21       ~ 126 3
12 NAME 3C 16 Cluster ClG 00 37 45.4 +13 20 10           ~ 1 0
13 ClG 0055-2754 ClG 00 56 56.8 -27 40 29   21.9       ~ 84 0
14 PKS 0101+023 Rad 01 04 23.7 +02 39 48     18.69     ~ 12 1
15 ACO 209 ClG 01 31 52.9 -13 36 53           ~ 295 0
16 ACO 267 ClG 01 52 43.016 +00 59 58.90           ~ 230 0
17 ACO 291 ClG 02 01 42.9 -02 11 48           ~ 67 0
18 BAX 032.6067-39.4964 ClG 02 10 25.6 -39 29 47           ~ 13 0
19 5C 6.142 G 02 16 39.8 +32 50 59     18.31     ~ 13 1
20 ClG 0213+3236 ClG 02 16 40.9 +32 50 47           ~ 1 0
21 ClG J0224-0002 ClG 02 24 34.10 -00 02 30.9           ~ 51 1
22 ClG J0231+0048 ClG 02 31 43 +00 48.7           ~ 9 0
23 ACO 370 ClG 02 39 50.5 -01 35 08           ~ 747 0
24 NAME ACO 370 Giant Arc LeG 02 39 53.0 -01 35 05   24.46     22.64 ~ 18 0
25 [SKE2001] B7 LeI 02 48 02.127 -03 31 41.14           ~ 7 0
26 [SKE2001] B01c LeI 02 48 02.20 -03 31 48.4           ~ 3 0
27 [SKE2001] B00a LeI 02 48 02.292 -03 31 49.64           ~ 7 0
28 [SKE2001] B04a LeI 02 48 02.35 -03 31 52.4           ~ 3 0
29 [ZBC2011] 2.3 LeI 02 48 02.440 -03 31 53.23           ~ 7 0
30 [SKE2001] B03a LeI 02 48 02.829 -03 32 07.05           ~ 8 0
31 [SKE2001] B01b LeI 02 48 02.832 -03 31 58.16           ~ 7 0
32 [SKE2001] B01a LeI 02 48 02.920 -03 31 59.06           ~ 7 0
33 [SKE2001] B02c LeI 02 48 02.997 -03 32 07.05           ~ 8 0
34 [SKE2001] B04c LeI 02 48 03.01 -03 32 00.0           ~ 3 0
35 [SKE2001] B02b LeI 02 48 03.33 -03 32 06.5           ~ 4 0
36 ACO 383 ClG 02 48 03.3915 -03 31 45.228           ~ 359 0
37 [SKE2001] B01d LeI 02 48 03.42 -03 31 41.7           ~ 2 0
38 [SKE2001] B02a LeI 02 48 03.45 -03 32 06.6           ~ 4 0
39 [SKE2001] B5 LeI 02 48 03.96 -03 31 58.4           ~ 3 0
40 [SKE2001] B6 LeI 02 48 04.241 -03 31 53.12           ~ 7 0
41 [SKE2001] B11 LeI 02 48 04.84 -03 31 37.5           ~ 3 0
42 ClG J0305+1728 ClG 03 05 18.1 +17 28 25           ~ 1 0
43 ClG 0302+17 ClG 03 05 19.0 +17 28 38     21.00     ~ 56 0
44 ClG 0303+1658 ClG 03 05 31.6 +17 10 02     20.13     ~ 90 0
45 ClG 0303+17 ClG 03 06 19.0 +17 18 50           ~ 49 0
46 ClG 0317+1521 ClG 03 20 02.3 +15 31 49           ~ 14 0
47 ClG J0329+0256 GrG 03 29 02.8 +02 56 23           ~ 13 0
48 ClG J0337-2522 ClG 03 37 44.9 -25 22 39           ~ 20 0
49 BAX 055.4879-45.0031 ClG 03 41 57.1 -45 00 11           ~ 9 0
50 ClG J0412-6550 ClG 04 12 52.1 -65 50 49           ~ 1 0
51 ACT-CL J0438.9+0716 ClG 04 39 00.7 +07 15 45           ~ 58 0
52 [GSL98] A3 GiC 04 43 08.450 +02 10 27.29   24.0       ~ 8 0
53 ClG 0440+02 ClG 04 43 09.7 +02 10 19     17.03     ~ 125 0
54 [GSL98] A17 GiC 04 43 09.880 +02 10 24.43           ~ 4 0
55 [GSL98] A16 GiC 04 43 10.200 +02 10 23.98           ~ 4 0
56 [GSL98] A1 GiC 04 43 11.100 +02 10 10.19   22.9       ~ 7 0
57 ClG J0451+0006 ClG 04 51 54.6 +00 06 19           ~ 53 0
58 ClG 0451-03 ClG 04 54 10.9 -03 01 07     20.0     ~ 352 0
59 ZwCl 0714+7140 ClG 07 20 14.50 +71 32 28.0           ~ 7 0
60 [ONR98] J072049+71089 ClG 07 20 49 +71 08.1           ~ 2 0
61 ACO 586 ClG 07 32 20.3 +31 37 58           ~ 180 0
62 ClG 0745-19 ClG 07 47 31.3 -19 17 40           ~ 372 0
63 2MASX J07473129-1917403 BiC 07 47 31.3247085936 -19 17 40.013334276   19.60       ~ 409 1
64 ClG J0818+5654 ClG 08 18 57.8 +56 54 34           ~ 12 0
65 ClG J0819+7054 ClG 08 19 22.6 +70 54 48           ~ 14 0
66 RX J0821.0+0752 ClG 08 21 02.4 +07 51 47           ~ 62 1
67 ACO 646 ClG 08 22 10.0 +47 05 58           ~ 99 1
68 ClG J0834+5534 ClG 08 34 54.9 +55 34 21           ~ 24 0
69 ICRF J083454.9+553421 Sy2 08 34 54.90398776 +55 34 21.0703409   20.75 19.45 17.180   ~ 282 2
70 BAX 130.2808+64.3786 ClG 08 41 07.4 +64 22 41           ~ 15 0
71 ClG J0841+7046 ClG 08 41 44.1 +70 46 53       17.40   ~ 13 0
72 ACO 697 ClG 08 42 57.6 +36 21 45           ~ 253 0
73 ClG J0848+4456 ClG 08 48 46.9 +44 56 22           ~ 62 1
74 ClG J0848+4455 ClG 08 48 48.76 +44 55 49.6           ~ 6 1
75 ACO 708 ClG 08 49 11.4 +37 31 23           ~ 28 0
76 ZwCl 0857+2107 ClG 09 00 36.90 +20 53 40.3           ~ 93 0
77 NAME 3C 215 Cluster ClG 09 06 31.8 +16 46 12           ~ 2 0
78 ClG J0911+0550 ClG 09 11 26.5 +05 50 14           ~ 3 0
79 [BCL98] RX J0911.4+0551 A1 LeI 09 11 27.55 +05 50 52.8           ~ 32 0
80 QSO B0908+0603 QSO 09 11 27.6052 +05 50 54.281   18.44 18.16     ~ 232 2
81 ClG 0910.4+4109 ClG 09 13 46.0 +40 56 20           ~ 65 2
82 ACO 773 ClG 09 17 51.3 +51 43 20           ~ 295 0
83 3C 220 Rad 09 21.0 +26 23           ~ 7 1
84 ACO 795 ClG 09 24 11.26 +14 09 03.5           ~ 103 0
85 ClG J0932+7906 ClG 09 32 39.6 +79 06 32           ~ 7 0
86 ACO 851 ClG 09 43 01.2 +46 59 54   18.9       ~ 327 0
87 ClG J0943+4804 ClG 09 43 41 +48 05.2           ~ 8 0
88 ZwCl 0949+5207 ClG 09 52 49.1 +51 53 05           ~ 135 0
89 ClG 0949+44 ClG 09 52 58.3 +43 54 16     19.40     ~ 20 0
90 8C 0958+561 QSO 10 01 20.6918953728 +55 53 55.593949272   17.16 16.95     ~ 735 3
91 ACO 963 ClG 10 17 03.4 +39 02 56           ~ 400 0
92 ACO 980 ClG 10 22 30.6 +50 06 06           ~ 59 0
93 ZwCl 1021+0426 ClG 10 23 39.0 +04 11 14   15.6 17.95     ~ 283 0
94 ACO 990 ClG 10 23 39.46 +49 08 19.6           ~ 79 0
95 ZwCl 1023+1257 ClG 10 25 55.9 +12 41 07           ~ 48 0
96 ACO 1033 ClG 10 31 39.78 +35 05 34.4           ~ 82 0
97 ACO 1068 ClG 10 40 47.1 +39 57 19           ~ 214 0
98 ACO 1084 ClG 10 44 37.1 -07 04 47           ~ 74 0
99 5C 2.10 QSO 10 52 35.3466724416 +48 40 06.052201752   18.43 18.36     ~ 40 1
100 NAME 5C 2.10 Cluster ClG 10 52 36.1 +48 40 01           ~ 6 0
101 ACO 1201 ClG 11 12 54.4 +13 26 08           ~ 115 1
102 ACO 1204 ClG 11 13 32.2 +17 35 40           ~ 94 0
103 NVSS J111421+582327 Rad 11 14 21.65 +58 23 19.3           ~ 32 1
104 ZwCl 1111+5843 ClG 11 14 21.786 +58 23 46.45           ~ 31 0
105 ACO 1246 ClG 11 23 57.4 +21 29 14           ~ 106 0
106 ClG J1133+5008 ClG 11 33 10.250 +50 09 09.25           ~ 36 0
107 ClG 1137+66 ClG 11 40 23.0 +66 08 16     21.0     ~ 138 0
108 ACO 1366 ClG 11 44 44.72 +67 24 51.9           ~ 55 0
109 ACO 1423 ClG 11 57 17.3206 +33 36 39.364           ~ 168 0
110 ClG J1205+4429 GrG 12 05 52.3 +44 29 22           ~ 21 0
111 ZwCl 1231+1007 ClG 12 34 21.9 +09 47 02           ~ 66 0
112 2XMM J125602.2+255636 GrG 12 56 04.9 +25 56 52           ~ 30 0
113 NAME 5C 12.251 Cluster ClG 13 05 51.8 +36 39 27           ~ 6 0
114 7C 130332.00+365532.00 BiC 13 05 51.8194891392 +36 39 27.657652824   20.49 20.1     ~ 15 2
115 ACO 1682 ClG 13 06 49.7 +46 32 59           ~ 141 1
116 3C 281 Sy1 13 07 53.9295304872 +06 42 13.877755920   17.15 17.02     ~ 144 2
117 NAME 3C 281 Cluster ClG 13 07 54.0 +06 42 15           ~ 2 0
118 ClG J1309+3222 ClG 13 09 56.2 +32 22 14           ~ 21 0
119 ACO 1689 ClG 13 11 29.5 -01 20 28           ~ 1125 0
120 ClG J1324+3059 ClG 13 24 48 +30 59.0           ~ 12 0
121 ClG 1322+3027 ClG 13 24 48.2 +30 11 34           ~ 67 0
122 [MGN2003] 160 GrG 13 34 58.83 +37 50 17.7       23.6   ~ 14 0
123 ACO 1763 ClG 13 35 20.1 +41 00 04           ~ 312 0
124 ClG J1348+0752 ClG 13 48 00.9 +07 52 24           ~ 1 0
125 [FIK97] C LeG 13 59 48.689 +62 30 48.00           ~ 5 0
126 [FIK97] B LeG 13 59 49.239 +62 30 45.30           ~ 5 0
127 ZwCl 1358+6245 ClG 13 59 54.3 +62 30 36     18.5     ~ 361 0
128 ACO 1835 ClG 14 01 02.07 +02 52 43.2           ~ 689 1
129 ClG J1411+5211 ClG 14 11 24.4 +52 12 38     20.11     ~ 118 3
130 ACO 1914 ClG 14 26 03.32 +37 49 58.7           ~ 314 0
131 ACO 1969 ClG 14 44 06.4 +63 44 54           ~ 23 0
132 ZwCl 1447+2619 ClG 14 49 28.2 +26 07 57           ~ 50 0
133 ACO 1978 ClG 14 51 09.4 +14 36 43           ~ 27 0
134 ZwCl 1455+2232 ClG 14 57 15.2 +22 20 30     18.62 20.04   ~ 294 0
135 ACO 2009 ClG 15 00 15.2 +21 22 09           ~ 101 0
136 ClG J1514+3636 ClG 15 14 22.0 +36 36 22     19.0     ~ 136 0
137 NAME MS 1512-cB58 AGN 15 14 22.2751 +36 36 25.674     20.64   20.35 ~ 324 0
138 CNOC MS 1512 101094 G 15 14 22.482 +36 36 21.08           ~ 146 1
139 ACO 2125 ClG 15 41 14.1 +66 15 57           ~ 122 1
140 ACO 2146 ClG 15 56 04.7 +66 20 24           ~ 176 0
141 ClG 1601+42 ClG 16 03 13.800 +42 45 36.00           ~ 50 0
142 ClG J1621+3810 ClG 16 21 25.5 +38 09 43           ~ 79 0
143 ClG 1621+26 ClG 16 23 35.7 +26 33 50           ~ 142 0
144 ACO 2204 ClG 16 32 45.7 +05 34 43           ~ 436 0
145 ClG J1633+5714 ClG 16 33 40.0 +57 14 37           ~ 16 0
146 [MKM2003] ISO ACO 2218 34 GiC 16 35 53.1 +66 12 30           ~ 8 0
147 ACO 2218 ClG 16 35 54.0 +66 13 00           ~ 809 1
148 ACO 2219 ClG 16 40 22.1 +46 42 20           ~ 359 0
149 RX J1648.7+6019 GrG 16 48 42.5 +60 19 10           ~ 7 0
150 ClG J1701+6421 ClG 17 01 48.77 +64 21 03.0           ~ 16 0
151 ClG J1702+6420 ClG 17 02 13.58 +64 20 07.3           ~ 14 0
152 ACO 2254 ClG 17 17 45.90 +19 40 22.8           ~ 69 0
153 ZwCl 1717+5636 ClG 17 18 09.272 +56 40 00.02           ~ 49 1
154 ACO 2259 ClG 17 20 09.2 +27 40 09           ~ 117 0
155 ACO 2261 ClG 17 22 26.9 +32 07 58           ~ 342 0
156 ACO 2294 ClG 17 24 10.1 +85 53 09           ~ 63 0
157 ClG J1750+3504 ClG 17 50 15.9 +35 04 58           ~ 33 0
158 7C 174829.39+350555.00 G 17 50 16.8682358184 +35 04 58.558211040           ~ 36 2
159 ClG 2053-04 ClG 20 56 21.2 -04 37 46   21.0       ~ 165 0
160 ACO S 910 ClG 20 57 22 -64 39.4           ~ 36 0
161 VSOP J2129+0733 rG 21 29 05.37 +07 32 58.6   21       ~ 26 1
162 NAME 3C 435a Cluster ClG 21 29 05.5 +07 33 00           ~ 1 1
163 ClG J2129+0005 ClG 21 29 40.5 +00 05 47           ~ 271 0
164 ClG 2137-2353 ClG 21 40 12.8 -23 39 27     18.5     ~ 378 0
165 [DEM2009] A01 LeG 21 40 14.971 -23 39 25.25           ~ 8 0
166 [DEM2009] B1 LeG 21 40 15.23 -23 39 34.3   22.0       ~ 11 0
167 [FLH92] A0 LeI 21 40 15.3 -23 39 25           ~ 5 0
168 [DEM2009] A02 LeG 21 40 15.540 -23 39 26.29           ~ 8 0
169 [PKL99] ACO 2390 H3b LeI 21 53 33.39 +17 41 52.5           ~ 4 0
170 NAME ACO 2390 Cusp Arc LeI 21 53 33.62 +17 41 56.8   23.48       ~ 8 0
171 NAME ACO 2390 H1 Arc LeG 21 53 34.0 +17 41 59   21.9 21.5   22.68 ~ 17 0
172 [PKL99] ACO 2390 H3a LeI 21 53 34.0 +17 42 03           ~ 6 0
173 [CBK2002] 14 LeG 21 53 34.520 +17 42 02.32           ~ 11 0
174 [PLS91] A LeG 21 53 34.520 +17 42 02.32           ~ 10 0
175 [PKL99] ACO 2390 H5b LeI 21 53 35.0 +17 41 33           ~ 7 0
176 [PKL99] ACO 2390 H5 LeI 21 53 35.29 +17 41 40.0           ~ 3 0
177 [PKL99] ACO 2390 H5a LeI 21 53 35.43 +17 41 46.6           ~ 4 0
178 ACO 2390 ClG 21 53 37.4 +17 41 46           ~ 688 2
179 ClG J2157+0348 ClG 21 57 50.6 +03 48 47           ~ 1 0
180 ACO 2409 ClG 22 00 52.7 +20 58 27           ~ 84 0
181 ClG 2244.6-0222 ClG 22 47 12.2 -02 05 37           ~ 127 0
182 [NKS98] S2 LeI 22 58 48.78 -34 47 54.0   22.81 22.54     ~ 12 1
183 ACO S 1077 ClG 22 58 52.34 -34 46 54.6           ~ 188 0
184 4C 27.51 G 23 24 59.1 +28 03 30     19.5     ~ 17 2
185 NAME 4C 27.51 Cluster ClG 23 25 00.4 +28 03 11           ~ 1 0
186 ACO 2667 ClG 23 51 39.37 -26 05 02.7           ~ 175 0
187 [NKS98] C1 LeI ~ ~           ~ 5 0
188 LPS 273 GiC ~ ~           ~ 7 0
189 LPS 730 GiC ~ ~           ~ 7 0
190 LPS 382 GiC ~ ~           ~ 4 0
191 [BSE99] 23 LeI ~ ~           ~ 8 0
192 [KES96] H3 LeI ~ ~           ~ 2 1
193 [KES96] H2 LeI ~ ~           ~ 2 1
194 [KES96] H1 LeI ~ ~           ~ 2 1
195 [GYE2002] J0224-0002 R2 LeI ~ ~           ~ 3 0
196 [SKE2001] B00b LeI ~ ~           ~ 2 0
197 [LGH99] MS 0302.7+1658 A1 LeI ~ ~           ~ 3 0
198 [HLJ89] Arc LeI ~ ~           ~ 2 0
199 [ESS2003b] A1 LeI ~ ~           ~ 2 0
200 [HSR2001] Arc C LeI ~ ~           ~ 3 0
201 [GYE2002] J0224-0002 C LeI ~ ~           ~ 10 0
202 [HSR2001] Arc B LeI ~ ~           ~ 5 0
203 [HSR2001] Arc A LeI ~ ~           ~ 5 0
204 [NKS98] S1 LeI ~ ~           ~ 8 1
205 [NKS98] A5 LeI ~ ~           ~ 4 0
206 [NKS98] A4 LeI ~ ~           ~ 4 0
207 NAME PKS 0745-191 Arc LeI ~ ~           ~ 4 0
208 [LHA94] MS 1455.0+2232 1 LeI ~ ~           ~ 3 0
209 [LGH99] MS 1358.4+6245 A1 LeI ~ ~           ~ 3 1
210 [LGH99] MS 0451.6-0305 A1 LeI ~ ~     24.6     ~ 4 0
211 [SDK96] A370 R2 LeI ~ ~           ~ 3 0
212 [SDK96] A370 R1 LeI ~ ~           ~ 3 0
213 [BSE99] 21 LeI ~ ~           ~ 10 0

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