2005AJ....129..178K

Query : 2005AJ....129..178K

2005AJ....129..178K - Astron. J., 129, 178-188 (2005/January-0)

The Local Group and other neighboring galaxy groups.

KARACHENTSEV I.D.

Abstract (from CDS):

Over the last few years, rapid progress has been made in distance measurements for nearby galaxies based on the magnitude of stars on the tip of the red giant branch. Current CCD surveys with the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) and large ground-based telescopes bring ∼10% accurate distances for roughly a hundred galaxies within 5 Mpc. The new data on distances to galaxies situated in (and around) the nearest groups–the Local Group, M81 Group, Cen A/M83 Group, IC 342/Maffei Group, Sculptor filament, and Canes Venatici cloud–allowed us to determine their total mass from the radius of the zero-velocity surface, R0, which separates a group as bound against the homogeneous cosmic expansion. The values of R0 for the virialized groups turn out to be close each other, in the range of 0.9-1.3 Mpc. As a result, the total masses of the groups are close to each other, as well, yielding total mass to blue luminosity ratios of 10-40 M☉L–1☉. The new total mass estimates are 3-5 times lower than old virial mass estimates of these groups. Because about half of galaxies in the Local volume belong to such loose groups, the revision of the amount of dark matter (DM) leads to a low local density of matter, Ωm≃0.04, which is comparable with the global baryonic fraction Ωb but much lower than the global density of matter, Ωm=0.27. To remove the discrepancy between the global and local quantities of Ωm, we assume the existence of two different DM components: (1) compact dark halos around individual galaxies and (2) a nonbaryonic dark matter ``ocean'' with ΩDM1≃0.07 and ΩDM2≃0.20, respectively.

Abstract Copyright: ∼

Journal keyword(s): Cosmology: Observations - Cosmology: Dark Matter - Galaxies: Distances and Redshifts - Galaxies: Individual: Name: Centaurus A - Galaxies: Individual: Alphanumeric: IC 342 - Galaxies: Individual: Messier Number: M31 - Galaxies: Individual: Messier Number: M81 - Galaxies: Individual: Messier Number: M83 - Galaxies: Individual: Name: Maffei 1 - Galaxies: Individual: NGC Number: NGC 253 - Galaxies: Individual: NGC Number: NGC 4736 - Galaxies: Kinematics and Dynamics - Galaxy: General

CDS comments: Table 3 : galaxy FM1 = [FM2000b] cand 1, HS 117 = [LSK86] 117. Table 5 : galaxy DEEP 1337-33 not identified.

Simbad objects: 185

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Number of rows : 185
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2024 		#notes
1 NAME Wolf-Lundmark-Melotte G 00 01 57.9 -15 27 50   11.50 11.10 10.93   ~ 691 2
2 NGC 59 EmG 00 15 25.126 -21 26 39.68 14.01 13.21 12.59 12.31   ~ 100 0
3 IC 10 G 00 20 25.50 +59 17 17.0   13.6 9.5     ~ 1119 1
4 NAME Sculptor dE1 GiG 00 23 51.7 -24 42 18   17.73       ~ 69 1
5 NAME Cetus Dwarf Galaxy G 00 26 10.8 -11 03 14     13.2     ~ 234 0
6 NGC 147 GiG 00 33 12.120 +48 30 31.46   12.0 9.5     ~ 687 1
7 NAME Andromeda III G 00 35 33.8 +36 29 52     14.4     ~ 295 0
8 NGC 185 Sy2 00 38 57.9400026024 +48 20 15.035874648   9.10 9.2     ~ 800 1
9 M 110 GiG 00 40 22.0572349992 +41 41 07.507220136   8.92 8.07     ~ 1308 1
10 M 32 GiG 00 42 41.82480 +40 51 54.6120 9.51 9.03 8.08     ~ 2154 2
11 M 31 AGN 00 42 44.330 +41 16 07.50 4.86 4.36 3.44     ~ 12650 1
12 IC 1574 AG? 00 43 03.82 -22 14 48.8 15.25 14.73 14.35 14.24 14.2 ~ 129 1
13 NAME Andromeda I G 00 45 39.8 +38 02 28   13.9 12.7     ~ 342 0
14 NGC 247 LSB 00 47 08.554 -20 45 37.44 10.11 9.61 9.10 8.87   ~ 441 2
15 NGC 253 SyG 00 47 33.134 -25 17 19.68   8.03   6.94 8.1 ~ 3336 2
16 ESO 540-30 AG? 00 49 20.96 -18 04 31.5   16.45   15.33   ~ 86 1
17 ESO 540-31 G 00 49 49.3 -21 00 58 16.11 15.64 15.36 14.8 15.5 ~ 133 1
18 ESO 540-32 LSB 00 50 24.5 -19 54 23 17.44 16.54 16.01 15.70   ~ 75 1
19 NAME SMC G 00 52 38.0 -72 48 01   2.79 2.2     ~ 11149 1
20 NAME Andromeda IX G 00 52 53.0 +43 11 45     16.3     ~ 168 1
21 NAME Sculptor Dwarf Galaxy G 01 00 09.4 -33 42 32   9.79 8.6 8.81   ~ 1359 4
22 NAME Pisces I G 01 03 56.6 +21 53 41   16.18 14.3     ~ 387 0
23 IC 1613 GiC 01 04 48.4071 +02 07 10.185   10.42 10.01 9.77   ~ 1236 2
24 NAME Andromeda V G 01 10 17.1 +47 37 41     15.3     ~ 207 0
25 NAME Andromeda II G 01 16 29.8 +33 25 09     11.7     ~ 378 0
26 LEDA 2807103 LSB 01 34 51.5 +52 05 30   17.0       ~ 38 0
27 NGC 625 AGN 01 35 04.632 -41 26 10.32 12.37 11.78 11.25 11.03 11.5 ~ 286 2
28 ESO 245-5 AG? 01 45 03.74 -43 35 52.9 13.45 12.92 12.63 12.51 12.8 ~ 140 1
29 NGC 672 GiP 01 47 54.4764771528 +27 25 58.020709728 12.04 11.60 11.09 10.81   ~ 287 0
30 NAME Phoenix Dwarf Galaxy Sy1 01 51 06.3 -44 26 41   13.48 13.2 12.69   ~ 533 2
31 NGC 784 LSB 02 01 16.932 +28 50 14.13 12.97 12.50 12.07 11.83   ~ 196 0
32 NAME Cas 1 G 02 06 07.9 +69 00 36     14.62     ~ 48 0
33 LEDA 168300 AG? 02 24 34.20 +56 00 43.0   16.2       ~ 30 0
34 LEDA 2807107 G 02 27 26.9 +57 29 17   17.8       ~ 23 0
35 LEDA 166068 G 02 35 35.7 +59 22 44   19.5       ~ 36 0
36 LBN 659 GiG 02 36 35.4662282832 +59 39 17.507008584   17       ~ 189 2
37 NAME Fornax Dwarf Spheroidal G 02 39 59.3 -34 26 57   9.02 7.4     ~ 1743 1
38 LEDA 101304 G 02 54 08.47 +59 00 19.1   20.5       ~ 36 0
39 2MASX J02554290+5851394 GiG 02 55 42.903 +58 51 39.42   19.8       ~ 32 0
40 NAME Cas 2 GiG 02 56 51.6359356200 +58 54 42.136879608           ~ 82 0
41 LEDA 166077 LSB 03 45 13.7 +67 51 58           ~ 37 0
42 IC 342 SBG 03 46 48.514 +68 05 45.98   10.5       ~ 1517 1
43 NAME IC 342 Group GrG 03 48 42 +68 00.8           ~ 100 1
44 UGCA 86 AG? 03 59 48.30 +67 08 18.6   14.2 14.2     ~ 104 0
45 NAME Camel Galaxy LSB 04 25 16.6 +72 48 24   14.85       ~ 57 0
46 NGC 1560 GiG 04 32 49.087 +71 52 59.20   12.1       ~ 252 0
47 NAME Cam B G 04 53 07.1 +67 05 57   16.71       ~ 78 0
48 UGCA 105 GiG 05 14 15.3240846648 +62 34 47.964904644   15.3       ~ 84 1
49 NAME LMC G 05 23 34.6 -69 45 22     0.4     ~ 17434 0
50 NAME Carina dSph G 06 41 36.7 -50 57 58   22.14 11.0 19.47   ~ 1125 0
51 LEDA 95597 LSB 06 47 45.6 +80 07 27   16.4       ~ 72 0
52 NGC 2366 H2G 07 28 52.4529 +69 12 38.859 12.25 11.86 11.39 11.33   ~ 769 0
53 UGCA 133 G 07 34 11.5 +66 52 47 16.40 15.48 14.80 14.76   ~ 84 0
54 NGC 2403 AGN 07 36 51.3381434280 +65 36 09.650825640 9.31 8.84 8.38 8.19   ~ 1789 1
55 UGC 3974 G 07 41 56.3059298112 +16 48 07.451632188   15.4       ~ 225 0
56 UGC 4305 IG 08 19 04.9864630512 +70 43 13.086910452 12.06 11.72 11.39 11.11   ~ 769 2
57 NAME M 81 Dwarf A G 08 23 55.1 +71 01 56   16.5       ~ 203 1
58 UGC 4459 GiG 08 34 07.20 +66 10 54.0 15.39 15.03 14.70 14.49   ~ 338 2
59 UGC 4483 GiG 08 37 03.00 +69 46 31.0 15.70 15.46 14.98 14.89   ~ 303 0
60 NGC 2784 EmG 09 12 19.497 -24 10 21.36 12.02 10.99 10.16 9.30   ~ 141 1
61 UGC 5139 LSB 09 40 32.33 +71 10 56.0 14.53 14.00 13.66 13.41   ~ 356 1
62 NAME F8D1 G 09 44 47.1 +67 26 19   14.60 13.85     ~ 70 0
63 NAME F6D1 GiG 09 45 10.0 +68 45 54   17.5       ~ 50 0
64 NGC 2976 GiP 09 47 15.458 +67 54 58.97 11.77 11.03 10.16 9.51   ~ 673 1
65 NAME F12D1 G 09 50 10.0 +67 30 24   15.6       ~ 55 1
66 LEDA 28529 G 09 53 48.8 +68 58 09   18.89       ~ 93 1
67 NAME M 81-82 Group GrG 09 55 +69.1           ~ 717 0
68 M 81 Sy2 09 55 33.1726556496 +69 03 55.062505368   7.89 6.94     ~ 4450 3
69 M 82 AGN 09 55 52.430 +69 40 46.93 9.61 9.30 8.41     ~ 5860 6
70 LEDA 28731 G 09 57 03.0 +68 35 31   15.17       ~ 114 1
71 NAME Arp Loop G 09 57 29.0 +69 16 20           ~ 67 1
72 UGC 5336 AG? 09 57 32.8632 +69 02 50.735 15.19 15.15 14.10 14.12   ~ 316 4
73 NAME Leo A G 09 59 26.46 +30 44 47.0 14.08 13.54 13.26 13.33   ~ 615 0
74 NAME Sextans B H2G 10 00 00.8217342072 +05 20 09.533389560 12.77 12.25 11.89 11.71   ~ 528 0
75 LEDA 2807133 GiG 10 00 16.0 +63 11 05           ~ 39 1
76 NGC 3109 AG? 10 03 06.877 -26 09 34.46 11.10 10.42 10.04 9.91   ~ 769 2
77 NGC 3077 GiP 10 03 19.0965510921 +68 44 01.556166166 11.23 10.85 10.14 9.74   ~ 771 0
78 LEDA 29231 G 10 04 40.3 +68 15 20   17.43 16.72     ~ 74 0
79 UGC 5428 AG? 10 05 06.40 +66 33 32.0 17.89 16.82 16.09 15.73   ~ 106 1
80 NGC 3115 GiG 10 05 13.9270507008 -07 43 06.982712292   11   9.37   ~ 1013 2
81 UGC 5442 AG? 10 07 01.90 +67 49 39.0 17.09 15.73 15.07 14.81   ~ 89 1
82 NAME IKN G 10 08 05.9 +68 23 57           ~ 74 0
83 Z 64-73 G 10 08 28.12 +12 18 23.4   11.3 10.0     ~ 1208 1
84 NAME Sex A H2G 10 11 00.5 -04 41 30 12.48 12.13 11.93 11.78   ~ 727 2
85 NAME Sextans dSph G 10 13 02.9 -01 36 53   12 10.4     ~ 854 0
86 HIJASS J1021+68 G 10 21 00.2 +68 42 00           ~ 22 0
87 LEDA 4689216 GiG 10 21 25.2 +71 06 58           ~ 59 0
88 LEDA 30664 G 10 26 28.0 +67 39 35   15.8       ~ 81 1
89 IC 2574 AG? 10 28 23.6148831408 +68 24 43.440012756 11.70 11.07 10.87 10.74   ~ 665 1
90 UGC 5692 GiG 10 30 35.03 +70 37 07.2 14.81 13.69 13.01 12.73   ~ 131 0
91 LEDA 31286 G 10 34 31.9 +66 00 42   16.7       ~ 51 1
92 M 96 GiP 10 46 45.744 +11 49 11.78 10.42 10.15 9.25 8.99   ~ 819 1
93 NAME M96 Group GrG 10 48 +13.3           ~ 314 0
94 NGC 3412 GiG 10 50 53.2803559464 +13 24 43.721664876 11.84 11.45 10.54     ~ 238 1
95 LEDA 32667 LSB 10 52 55.1 +69 32 46   17.2       ~ 86 1
96 NGC 3489 GiG 11 00 18.5483994744 +13 54 04.206202668 11.46 11.12 10.29     ~ 400 1
97 Z 126-111 G 11 13 28.13 +22 09 10.1   12.9 12.0     ~ 840 0
98 UGC 6456 bCG 11 27 59.90 +78 59 39.0   14.50       ~ 335 1
99 ESO 321-14 AG? 12 13 48.8792 -38 14 00.250 16.32 15.70 15.35 15.20 15.2 ~ 88 0
100 UGC 7242 AG? 12 14 08.40 +66 05 41.0   14.60       ~ 80 1
101 NGC 4236 GiG 12 16 42.118 +69 27 45.25 10.97 10.58 10.08 9.90   ~ 400 1
102 NGC 4244 GiG 12 17 29.659 +37 48 25.60   10.71   9.99   ~ 558 1
103 UGC 7559 GiP 12 27 05.566 +37 08 30.39   14.19   13.55   ~ 205 0
104 NGC 4449 EmG 12 28 11.118 +44 05 36.81 10.11 9.98 9.64 9.45   ~ 1125 1
105 NAME CVn I Group GrG 12 32 48.3 +33 57 07           ~ 142 0
106 M 104 LIN 12 39 59.43185902 -11 37 22.9961800 9.51 9.55 8.00 8.05   ~ 1396 3
107 IC 3687 GiG 12 42 15.1540831512 +38 30 05.844632940   15.5       ~ 145 0
108 LEDA 166142 G 12 43 57.791 +43 39 40.36   17       ~ 30 0
109 LEDA 2815819 G 12 44 21.5 -42 56 23   16.7       ~ 14 0
110 ESO 381-18 EmG 12 44 42.39 -35 58 00.2   15.79   14.84 15.1 ~ 56 0
111 ESO 381-20 AG? 12 46 00.67 -33 50 13.0   14.24   13.50 14.0 ~ 88 0
112 LEDA 166146 G 12 49 13.3 +35 36 43           ~ 24 1
113 M 94 SyG 12 50 53.0737971432 +41 07 12.900884628 9.15 8.96 8.24 7.78   ~ 1386 2
114 ESO 219-10 G 12 56 09.6 -50 08 38   16.96   15.36   ~ 23 0
115 ESO 269-37 AG? 13 03 33.1398 -46 35 10.765   16.29   14.95   ~ 47 1
116 LEDA 166152 AG? 13 05 02.8154 -40 04 58.706   16.0   16.2 16.0 ~ 60 0
117 NGC 4945 Sy2 13 05 27.279 -49 28 04.44   9.31 14.40 7.55   ~ 1475 2
118 IC 4182 BiC 13 05 48.7478324064 +37 36 12.965157684   11.86   11.40   ~ 336 1
119 UGC 8201 AG? 13 06 24.85 +67 42 25.0 14.08 13.61 13.08 12.98   ~ 255 1
120 ESO 269-58 AG? 13 10 32.8047 -46 59 37.747   12.50   11.31   ~ 72 0
121 LEDA 2815820 G 13 11 14.1 -38 54 22   17.3       ~ 16 0
122 LEDA 166158 G 13 12 45.2 -41 49 57   19.3       ~ 37 0
123 ESO 269-66 GiC 13 13 09.2 -44 53 23   14.14       ~ 60 0
124 UGC 8320 AG? 13 14 27.997 +45 55 11.14 13.63 13.26 13.02 12.81   ~ 282 0
125 NAME Cen A Group GrG 13 20 33.9 -44 58 51           ~ 263 0
126 LEDA 166163 G 13 21 08.5 -31 31 50   17.4       ~ 56 0
127 LEDA 2815821 G 13 21 32.4 -31 53 11   17.6       ~ 20 0
128 LEDA 46663 AG? 13 21 47.40 -45 03 42.0           ~ 60 0
129 NGC 5102 EmG 13 21 57.6100832352 -36 37 48.395156160   9.74 9.65 8.47 10.2 ~ 367 1
130 LEDA 46680 G 13 22 02.1 -42 32 10   16.6       ~ 57 0
131 LEDA 2815822 G 13 22 12.7 -42 43 41   18.5       ~ 38 0
132 LEDA 166164 G 13 22 56.2 -33 34 22   17.6       ~ 27 0
133 LEDA 46885 GiC 13 24 36.23 -30 58 18.5   16.67   17.33   ~ 57 1
134 NAME Centaurus A Sy2 13 25 27.61521044 -43 01 08.8050291   8.18 6.84 6.66   ~ 4486 3
135 IC 4247 EmG 13 26 44.43 -30 21 44.7 15.34 14.67 14.28 14.13 14.53 ~ 89 0
136 LEDA 166167 G 13 27 27.8 -45 21 10           ~ 27 0
137 ESO 324-24 LSB 13 27 37.6117 -41 28 44.128   12.91   12.13 12.3 ~ 100 0
138 NGC 5206 GiG 13 33 43.9615937880 -48 09 03.953598228   11.62   10.40   ~ 109 0
139 NGC 5229 LSB 13 34 02.831 +47 54 55.68   14.6       ~ 141 0
140 MCG-05-32-042 EmG 13 35 08.1298906104 -30 07 03.218102436   15.05 15.8 14.90 14.06 ~ 19 0
141 ESO 444-78 GiC 13 36 30.7829 -29 14 10.181   15.49   14.81 15.0 ~ 89 0
142 LEDA 166170 G 13 36 35.5 -29 34 17   14.3       ~ 48 0
143 M 83 SBG 13 37 00.91920 -29 51 56.7400 8.85 8.11 7.52 7.21   ~ 2573 2
144 NAME NGC 5236 Group GrG 13 37 06 -29 51.9           ~ 64 0
145 ESO 444-84 GiC 13 37 19.99 -28 02 42.0 16.04 15.34 15.05 15.05 14.9 ~ 121 1
146 LEDA 592761 G 13 37 25.2 -39 53 52   16.1   16.3 16.5 ~ 46 0
147 NGC 5237 EmG 13 37 39.056 -42 50 48.90   13.26 12.67 12.34   ~ 110 1
148 NGC 5253 AGN 13 39 55.990 -31 38 24.11 11.48 10.94 10.49 10.33 13.47 ~ 1366 4
149 IC 4316 EmG 13 40 18.41 -28 53 32.0   15.02 15.93 14.15   ~ 83 0
150 NGC 5264 GiG 13 41 36.683 -29 54 47.25 13.86 12.96 12.39 12.14 15.83 ~ 152 1
151 LEDA 2815823 G 13 41 38.1 -42 34 55   18.1       ~ 28 0
152 LEDA 48515 G 13 42 05.7 -45 12 20   17.6       ~ 48 1
153 LEDA 166172 G 13 43 36.0 -43 46 11           ~ 31 1
154 ESO 325-11 AG? 13 45 01.0528 -41 51 45.993   14.02   13.49 12.9 ~ 106 0
155 LEDA 2815824 G 13 46 01.0 -36 19 41   17.1       ~ 23 0
156 LEDA 166175 G 13 46 16.8 -45 41 05   19.2       ~ 36 1
157 LEDA 166176 GiG 13 46 40.4 -29 58 41   19       ~ 23 0
158 NAME Cen N G 13 48 09.2 -47 33 54           ~ 23 0
159 LEDA 4614882 AG? 13 48 33.9801 -37 58 03.811           ~ 35 0
160 LEDA 166179 G 13 48 46.4 -46 59 46           ~ 35 1
161 UGC 8760 AG? 13 50 51.3127548768 +38 01 14.958828876 15.56 14.78   14.33   ~ 148 0
162 LEDA 3097113 G 13 51 18.9 -46 58 25           ~ 34 0
163 ESO 384-16 AG? 13 57 01.37 -35 19 58.7   14.80   14.10 14.81 ~ 58 0
164 M 101 GiP 14 03 12.583 +54 20 55.50   8.46 7.86 7.76   ~ 2914 2
165 NGC 5408 EmG 14 03 20.907 -41 22 39.75   12.59   11.96 12.2 ~ 350 3
166 LEDA 166185 G 14 07 10.1 +35 03 37   16.9 17.2     ~ 90 0
167 LEDA 51659 G 14 28 03.7 -46 18 06   15       ~ 73 1
168 NAME UMi Galaxy G 15 09 08.0 +67 13 21   13.60 10.6     ~ 1360 0
169 LEDA 2801026 LSB 16 13 47.504 +54 22 08.25     15.9     ~ 108 0
170 NAME Dra dSph G 17 20 14.335 +57 55 16.39   12.40 10.6     ~ 1331 1
171 NAME SDG G 18 55 19.0 -30 32 43   4.5 3.6     ~ 2187 2
172 NAME Sgr dIG G 19 29 59.0 -17 40 41   15.5 13.6     ~ 307 1
173 NGC 6822 G 19 44 56.199 -14 47 51.29   18 8.1     ~ 1562 0
174 NGC 6946 H2G 20 34 52.332 +60 09 13.24   10.5       ~ 2529 2
175 NAME Aquarius Dwarf G 20 46 51.7 -12 50 54 15.75 15.18 14.83 14.46   ~ 445 1
176 NAME Tuc Galaxy G 22 41 49.6 -64 25 10   15.7 15.2     ~ 300 0
177 NAME Pisces II G 22 58 31.0 +05 57 09     16.3     ~ 258 0
178 NAME Andromeda VII GiG 23 26 31.7 +50 40 33   13.6 11.8     ~ 210 1
179 NAME PegDIG G 23 28 35.2 +14 44 35 13.85 13.16 12.52     ~ 474 1
180 LEDA 2807157 GiG 23 45 35.177 +38 43 05.09   16.7 15.2     ~ 89 1
181 NGC 7793 GiG 23 57 49.7540045856 -32 35 27.701550744 10.26 9.74 9.28 9.06 9.7 ~ 1107 2
182 NAME NGC 672 Group GrG ~ ~           ~ 14 0
183 NAME Local Group GrG ~ ~           ~ 8391 0
184 NAME NGC 2784 Group GrG ~ ~           ~ 9 0
185 NAME NGC 3115 Group GrG ~ ~           ~ 11 0

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