2001A&A...374..421B

Query : 2001A&A...374..421B

2001A&A...374..421B - Astronomy and Astrophysics, volume 374, 421-434 (2001/8-1)

The gas content of peculiar galaxies: Counterrotators and polar rings.

BETTONI D., GALLETTA G., GARCIA-BURILLO S. and RODRIGUEZ-FRANCO A.

Abstract (from CDS):

This paper studies the global ISM content in a sample of 104 accreting galaxies, including counterrotators and polar rings, which spans the entire Hubble sequence. The molecular, atomic and hot gas content of accretors is compared to a newly compiled sample of normal galaxies. We present results of a small survey of the J=1-0 line of 12CO with the 15m SEST telescope on a sample of 11 accretors (10 counterrotators and 1 polar ring). The SEST sample is enlarged with published data from 48 galaxies, for which observational evidence of counterrotation in the gas and/or the stars has been found. Furthermore, the available data on a sample of 46 polar ring galaxies has been compiled. In order to explore the existence of an evolutionary path linking the two families of accretors, the gas content of counterrotators and polar rings is compared. It was found that the normalized content of cold gas (Mgas/LB) in polar rings is ∼1 order of magnitude higher than the reference value derived for normal galaxies. The inferred gas masses are sufficient to stabilize polar rings through self-gravity. In contrast, it was found that the cold gas content of counterrotators is close to normal for all galaxy types. Although counterrotators and polar rings probably share a common origin, the gas masses estimated here confirm that light gas rings accreted by future counterrotators may have evolved faster than the self-gravitating structures of polar rings. In this scenario, the transformation of atomic into molecular gas could be enhanced near the transition region between the prograde and the retrograde disks, especially in late-type accretors characterized by a high content of primordial gas. This is tentatively confirmed in this work: the measured H2/HI ratio seems larger in counterrotators than in normal or polar ring galaxies for types later than S0s.

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Journal keyword(s): galaxies: ISM - galaxies: interactions - galaxies: evolution - galaxies: peculiar - radio lines: galaxies - submillimeter

Simbad objects: 108

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Number of rows : 108
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2024 		#notes
1 NGC 128 GiG 00 29 15.0429950112 +02 51 50.564329164   13.2       ~ 205 0
2 IC 51 AG? 00 46 24.215 -13 26 32.63   13.41   12.69 12.8 ~ 90 0
3 ESO 474-26 Sy2 00 47 07.5377265072 -24 22 14.800438812   14.51 15.7 13.54   ~ 52 0
4 NGC 253 SyG 00 47 33.134 -25 17 19.68   8.03   6.94 8.1 ~ 3336 2
5 NGC 404 LIN 01 09 27.02 +35 43 05.3   12.56 11.73     ~ 473 0
6 NGC 497 LIN 01 22 23.7769339824 -00 52 30.765601740   14.1       ~ 79 0
7 2MASX J01385522-0745553 GiC 01 38 55.2336829296 -07 45 55.565640144   15.62       ~ 72 0
8 NGC 660 Sy2 01 43 02.350 +13 38 44.45   12.02 11.16     ~ 556 2
9 UGC 1198 AG? 01 49 17.9810509056 +85 15 37.251862848   15.1       ~ 35 0
10 NGC 936 EmG 02 27 37.462 -01 09 22.61   11.1   9.98 10.7 ~ 356 0
11 ESO 415-26 Sy2 02 28 20.1024142368 -31 52 51.628774224   14.6   13.14   ~ 78 0
12 NGC 1052 Sy2 02 41 04.79849989 -08 15 20.7519527 11.84 11.41 10.47 10.71   ~ 1299 2
13 ESO 199-12 Sy2 03 03 24.444 -50 29 42.97   15.57   14.23   ~ 25 0
14 HCG 23 CGG 03 07 06 -09 35.1           ~ 44 0
15 NGC 1216 GiG 03 07 18.3927342768 -09 36 45.561419820   16.00   13.67   ~ 50 0
16 NGC 1316 BL? 03 22 41.789 -37 12 29.52 9.81 9.15 8.53 7.66   ~ 1387 1
17 NGC 1439 GiG 03 44 49.9398454104 -21 55 14.341002960   12.23   10.86   ~ 172 0
18 IC 2006 EmG 03 54 28.4628183240 -35 58 01.673622516   12.39   10.94 11.9 ~ 207 0
19 NGC 1543 EmG 04 12 43.1692212984 -57 44 16.333531440   10.67 10.60 9.74 10.7 ~ 140 0
20 ESO 201-26 AG? 04 15 17.775 -50 56 44.01   15.19   14.33   ~ 15 0
21 NGC 1574 GiG 04 21 58.7445118536 -56 58 28.407111240   11.17 10.48 9.73   ~ 125 0
22 NGC 1700 EmG 04 56 56.3160873072 -04 51 56.794713228   12   11.14   ~ 348 1
23 NGC 1947 GiG 05 26 47.613 -63 45 36.08   11.76 10.80 10.06   ~ 132 0
24 NGC 2217 Sy2 06 21 39.7505036352 -27 14 01.654973556   11.04 11.93 9.78 10.5 ~ 167 0
25 NVSS J081056+364947 rG 08 10 56.118 +36 49 45.60   14.7       ~ 45 0
26 UGC 4332 Sy2 08 19 37.7 +21 06 53   15.96 14.89     ~ 88 0
27 UGC 4323 GiG 08 20 19.9001652360 +66 58 55.072021080   14.4       ~ 34 0
28 NGC 2685 Sy2 08 55 34.7027817000 +58 44 03.876540108   13.68 12.70     ~ 430 1
29 NGC 2768 SyG 09 11 37.504 +60 02 13.95 11.30 10.84 9.87     ~ 503 2
30 NGC 2748 GiG 09 13 43.03707 +76 28 31.2310   11.7       ~ 204 0
31 NGC 2841 LIN 09 22 02.6778711696 +50 58 35.737082868 10.43 10.09 9.22     ~ 1073 1
32 NGC 2865 GiG 09 23 30.205 -23 09 41.37   12.39 11.43 11.06   ~ 240 0
33 UGC 5119 Sy2 09 37 12.653 +38 05 32.36   14.5       ~ 38 0
34 NGC 2983 EmG 09 43 41.1170284248 -20 28 38.056081476   12.81 11.68 11.25   ~ 74 0
35 NGC 3011 Sy2 09 49 41.2024297320 +32 13 15.992090904   14.2       ~ 91 0
36 UGC 5600 GiP 10 24 10.1194757376 +78 37 43.361613408   14.4       ~ 49 0
37 ESO 500-41 Sy2 10 26 56.2763708952 -24 05 21.164036784   14.22   12.95   ~ 34 0
38 NGC 3283 GiP 10 31 11.5772313456 -46 15 04.947717852   12.70   10.87   ~ 63 0
39 NGC 3384 GiG 10 48 16.8855574392 +12 37 45.371165844   10.0       ~ 596 1
40 NGC 3497 Sy2 11 07 18.0886738608 -19 28 17.398110144   12.79       ~ 50 0
41 NGC 3529 Sy2 11 07 19.1234279640 -19 33 20.079920808   14.66       ~ 27 0
42 LEDA 854905 AG? 11 07 26.0794889976 -19 27 46.239503796   16.48   15.19   ~ 6 0
43 NGC 3593 GiG 11 14 36.9731893800 +12 49 05.497790664   11.8       ~ 359 2
44 NGC 3608 LIN 11 16 58.967 +18 08 54.71   11.7       ~ 508 0
45 NGC 3626 GiG 11 20 03.8069651160 +18 21 24.543304164   11.2       ~ 258 0
46 NGC 3718 Sy2 11 32 34.8571790688 +53 04 04.520222040   11.35 10.61     ~ 384 1
47 Mrk 1301 GiG 11 35 49.9796445840 +35 20 06.829450944   14.5       ~ 74 0
48 NGC 3900 GiP 11 49 09.4563144120 +27 01 19.276393872   12.5       ~ 187 0
49 NGC 3934 GiP 11 52 12.577 +16 51 06.74   15.0       ~ 43 0
50 NGC 3941 Sy2 11 52 55.3609498656 +36 59 10.716212904   11.45 11.62 9.97   ~ 244 0
51 NGC 4073 BiC 12 04 27.0598775760 +01 53 45.611893752   13.8 13.21 14.249   ~ 201 1
52 NGC 4138 Sy2 12 09 29.8011417048 +43 41 06.864140004 12.46 12.29 11.32 10.82   ~ 410 1
53 NGC 4174 Sy2 12 12 26.8876661016 +29 08 57.158312172   14.3 13.64 13.05   ~ 109 2
54 M 84 Sy2 12 25 03.74333 +12 53 13.1393 12.67 12.09 10.49     ~ 1763 2
55 NGC 4379 GiG 12 25 14.7458757864 +15 36 26.755074576 13.05 12.63 11.72     ~ 226 1
56 IC 3370 Sy2 12 27 37.3278534168 -39 20 16.247588712   11.99 12.12 10.39   ~ 149 0
57 UGC 7576 GiC 12 27 41.8591778952 +28 41 53.026524312   16.0       ~ 64 0
58 M 49 Sy2 12 29 46.8 +08 00 01   13.21 12.17     ~ 2094 2
59 NGC 4477 Sy2 12 30 02.1955766304 +13 38 11.543715888 11.98 11.38 10.42     ~ 396 2
60 NGC 4589 LIN 12 37 24.9875 +74 11 30.903   12.0       ~ 285 1
61 NGC 4643 LIN 12 43 20.1435647088 +01 58 41.716062264   11.9       ~ 266 0
62 ESO 322-69 Sy2 12 44 49.0352044176 -40 42 51.691570488   14.12 13.58 13.29 13.9 ~ 196 0
63 NGC 4672 Sy2 12 46 15.7249021968 -41 42 21.407260572   14.12 14.25 12.60 12.9 ~ 75 0
64 NGC 4684 GiG 12 47 17.5097110680 -02 43 38.661355884   12.4       ~ 142 0
65 NGC 4772 LIN 12 53 29.1636448512 +02 10 06.146331708 12.29 11.96 11.04     ~ 253 1
66 NGC 4816 GiG 12 56 12.1508733240 +27 44 43.773192276 14.25 13.80 12.84     ~ 138 1
67 M 64 SyG 12 56 43.696 +21 40 57.57   9.36 8.52     ~ 940 2
68 NGC 5005 GiP 13 10 56.312 +37 03 32.19   14.67 13.67     ~ 541 2
69 NGC 5103 GiG 13 20 30.1029602496 +43 05 02.219249040   13.6       ~ 93 0
70 NGC 5122 Sy1 13 24 14.9402501712 -10 39 15.431171292   14   13.36   ~ 49 0
71 NAME Centaurus A Sy2 13 25 27.61521044 -43 01 08.8050291   8.18 6.84 6.66   ~ 4486 3
72 NGC 5173 GiP 13 28 25.2798599736 +46 35 29.890508928   13.10       ~ 144 1
73 ESO 576-69 AGN 13 30 05.2922517744 -20 55 59.033372232   14.60   13.54   ~ 54 0
74 NGC 5266 Sy2 13 43 02.0849196792 -48 10 10.000751592   11.89 11.14 11.9 11.3 ~ 163 0
75 IC 4320 EmG 13 44 03.7109865240 -27 13 54.033092616   14.25   12.70 13.07 ~ 45 0
76 NGC 5297 GiP 13 46 23.694 +43 52 19.34   12.3       ~ 170 0
77 NGC 5322 SyG 13 49 15.24 +60 11 25.8   11.3       ~ 415 2
78 NGC 5354 LIN 13 53 26.7262413240 +40 18 09.928163700   12.3   10.64   ~ 158 0
79 NGC 5363 GiP 13 56 07.20 +05 15 17.3 12.59 12.12 10.51     ~ 227 0
80 NGC 5728 Sy2 14 42 23.8918506576 -17 15 11.240783784   14.34 13.40     ~ 595 0
81 UGC 9562 GiP 14 51 14.3956253136 +35 32 32.932212324   14.2       ~ 160 0
82 NGC 5854 GiG 15 07 47.6993537544 +02 34 07.059522288   13.1   11.23   ~ 149 0
83 UGC 9796 GiP 15 15 56.3061737160 +43 10 00.480168228   16.0       ~ 48 0
84 NGC 5898 EmG 15 18 13.5683042256 -24 05 52.428845076   12.37 11.52 10.71   ~ 153 1
85 MCG+07-32-031 GiP 15 35 53.47 +38 40 53.4   16       ~ 8 0
86 UGC 9922 PaG 15 35 53.818 +38 40 30.22   14.4       ~ 29 0
87 NVSS J153554+384029 rG 15 35 53.818 +38 40 30.22           ~ 34 0
88 NVSS J160640+300558 rG 16 06 40.182 +30 05 56.65   14.4       ~ 116 0
89 APG 293 G 16 58 27.8 +58 56 48           ~ 113 0
90 NGC 6286 GiG 16 58 31.3566512040 +58 56 10.114753560   14.2       ~ 186 1
91 NGC 6701 AG? 18 43 12.429 +60 39 12.13   12.9       ~ 133 1
92 NGC 6684 GiG 18 48 57.8758832976 -65 10 24.324323808   11.34 10.45 9.94   ~ 122 4
93 IC 4889 EmG 19 45 15.168 -54 20 38.91   12.25 11.08 10.73 11.5 ~ 138 0
94 NGC 7007 Sy2 21 05 27.9140607744 -52 33 07.159314492   12.89 12.04 11.43   ~ 64 0
95 ESO 287-34 GiG 21 31 47.2829605968 -42 50 51.705192660   13.01 12.39 11.54   ~ 62 0
96 NGC 7079 GiG 21 32 35.2418074440 -44 04 03.412507188   12.63 11.61 11.08   ~ 122 0
97 NGC 7097 EmG 21 40 12.9231946008 -42 32 21.879559932   12.66 11.71 11.21   ~ 119 0
98 NGC 7217 LIN 22 07 52.3984675584 +31 21 33.632293572   12.94 11.92     ~ 494 0
99 NGC 7331 LIN 22 37 04.0506038088 +34 24 56.800076508 10.65 10.35 9.48     ~ 1228 2
100 NGC 7332 GiP 22 37 24.5373044952 +23 47 53.830708800   12.0       ~ 373 0
101 NGC 7360 AG? 22 43 33.9700024200 +04 09 04.420192176   14.5       ~ 39 0
102 ESO 603-21 Sy2 22 51 22.061 -20 14 49.62   15.50   14.07   ~ 45 0
103 IC 1459 AGN 22 57 10.60682195 -36 27 43.9966421   10.96 11.85 9.34 10.3 ~ 624 2
104 NGC 7468 bCG 23 02 59.172 +16 36 16.20   14.0       ~ 161 0
105 ESO 240-16 G 23 44 48.2491479624 -49 06 40.303496376   15.90   14.60   ~ 18 0
106 UGC 12856 IG 23 56 44.64 +16 48 30.9           ~ 50 0
107 VV 255b AG? 23 56 45.25 +16 48 50.2           ~ 40 0
108 NGC 7796 Sy1 23 58 59.7964010520 -55 27 29.983148100   12.36 11.30 10.82   ~ 117 0

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