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Query : 2000MNRAS.317..348G |
2000MNRAS.317..348G - Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc., 317, 348-374 (2000/September-2)
Stellar dynamics in the Galactic Centre: proper motions and anisotropy.
GENZEL R., PICHON C., ECKART A., GERHARD O.E. and OTT T.
Abstract (from CDS):
(1) Overall, the stellar motions do not deviate strongly from isotropy. For those 32 stars with a determination of all three velocity components, the absolute, line-of-sight and sky velocities are in good agreement, consistent with a spherical star cluster. Likewise the sky-projected radial and tangential velocities of all 104 proper motion stars in our sample are also consistent with overall isotropy.
(2) However, the sky-projected velocity components of the young, early-type stars in our sample indicate significant deviations from isotropy, with a strong radial dependence. Most of the bright Hei emission-line stars at separations from 1 to 10arcsec from SgrA* are on tangential orbits. This tangential anisotropy of the Hei stars and most of the brighter members of the IRS 16 complex is largely caused by a clockwise (on the sky) and counter-rotating (line of sight, compared to the Galaxy), coherent rotation pattern. The overall rotation of the young star cluster may be a remnant of the original angular momentum pattern in the interstellar cloud from which these stars were formed.
(3) The fainter, fast-moving stars within ~1arcsec of SgrA* may be largely moving on radial or very elliptical orbits. We have so far not detected deviations from linear motion (i.e., acceleration) for any of them. Most of the SgrA* cluster members are also on clockwise orbits. Spectroscopy indicates that they are early-type stars. We propose that the SgrA* cluster stars are those members of the early-type cluster that happen to have small angular momentum, and thus can plunge to the immediate vicinity of SgrA*.
(4) We derive an anisotropy-independent estimate of the Sun-Galactic Centre distance between 7.8 and 8.2kpc, with a formal statistical uncertainty of ±0.9kpc.
(5) We explicitly include velocity anisotropy in estimating the central mass distribution. We show how Leonard-Merritt and Bahcall-Tremaine mass estimates give systematic offsets in the inferred mass of the central object when applied to finite concentric rings for power-law clusters. Corrected Leonard-Merritt projected mass estimators and Jeans equation modelling confirm previous conclusions (from isotropic models) that a compact central mass concentration (central density ≥1012.6M☉.pc–3) is present and dominates the potential between 0.01 and 1pc. Depending on the modelling method used, the derived central mass ranges between 2.6x106 and 3.3x106M☉ for R☉=8.0kpc.
Abstract Copyright: 2000, Royal Astronomical Society
Journal keyword(s): celestial mechanics, stellar dynamics - stars: kinematics - Galaxy: centre - Galaxy: kinematics and dynamics
Nomenclature: Table 1, col(1): [GPE2000] NN.NNA N=299. Table 1, col(19): GCIRS NWWN N=6 added. Table 1, col(19): [EG97] SNN (Nos S18-S19) added.
CDS comments: Table 1, col(19): w217 ?? ID not identified (= [GPE2000] 1.34)
Simbad objects: 95
Number of rows : 95 |
N | Identifier | Otype |
ICRS (J2000) RA |
ICRS (J2000) DEC |
Mag U | Mag B | Mag V | Mag R | Mag I | Sp type |
#ref
1850 - 2024 |
#notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | M 106 | Sy2 | 12 18 57.620 | +47 18 13.39 | 9.14 | 8.41 | 8.11 | ~ | 2364 | 3 | ||
2 | GCIRS 26 | * | 17 45 34.6 | -29 00 13 | ~ | 4 | 0 | |||||
3 | GCIRS 11NE | * | 17 45 39.30 | -29 00 14.3 | ~ | 7 | 0 | |||||
4 | BHA 2 | * | 17 45 39.31 | -29 00 39.8 | ~ | 3 | 0 | |||||
5 | GCIRS 11SW | * | 17 45 39.36 | -29 00 16.5 | M3III | 4 | 0 | |||||
6 | [BSD96] 22 | WR* | 17 45 39.38 | -29 00 33.4 | WC8/9 | 29 | 0 | |||||
7 | GCIRS 6W | * | 17 45 39.38 | -29 00 26.2 | ~ | 16 | 0 | |||||
8 | [BSD96] 29 | WR* | 17 45 39.46 | -29 00 31.7 | WN8 | 31 | 0 | |||||
9 | BHA 4 | IR | 17 45 39.50 | -29 00 22.4 | ~ | 3 | 0 | |||||
10 | [BSD96] 33 | WR* | 17 45 39.54 | -29 00 35.0 | Ofpe/WN9 | 42 | 0 | |||||
11 | BHA 4W | * | 17 45 39.58 | -29 00 22.6 | M7III | 7 | 0 | |||||
12 | NAME Galactic Center | reg | 17 45 39.60213 | -29 00 22.0000 | ~ | 14415 | 0 | |||||
13 | BHA 4E | * | 17 45 39.66 | -29 00 22.8 | M2III | 8 | 0 | |||||
14 | GCIRS 2S | * | 17 45 39.69 | -29 00 32.5 | ~ | 18 | 0 | |||||
15 | GCIRS 13E | Cl* | 17 45 39.73 | -29 00 29.7 | WN9 | 118 | 0 | |||||
16 | GCIRS 34W | WR* | 17 45 39.73 | -29 00 26.6 | Ofpe/WN9 | 62 | 0 | |||||
17 | BHA 7 | * | 17 45 39.77 | -29 00 44.1 | ~ | 3 | 0 | |||||
18 | GCIRS 13W | * | 17 45 39.78 | -29 00 30.5 | M0III | 21 | 0 | |||||
19 | GCIRS 3 | * | 17 45 39.80 | -29 00 23.9 | ~ | 147 | 0 | |||||
20 | GCIRS 12S | * | 17 45 39.86 | -29 00 37.4 | M4III | 15 | 0 | |||||
21 | GCIRS 12N | * | 17 45 39.86 | -29 00 35.7 | M0III | 58 | 0 | |||||
22 | GCIRS 7W | WR* | 17 45 39.86 | -29 00 22.2 | WC9 | 39 | 0 | |||||
23 | [GEO97] W16 | * | 17 45 39.863 | -29 00 29.01 | ~ | 6 | 0 | |||||
24 | GCIRS 29S2 | * | 17 45 39.8921 | -29 00 27.209 | K-M | 11 | 0 | |||||
25 | GCIRS 29S | * | 17 45 39.91 | -29 00 27.3 | K3III | 21 | 0 | |||||
26 | [GEO97] W7 | V* | 17 45 39.9150 | -29 00 27.958 | O9/9.5III? | 21 | 0 | |||||
27 | GCIRS 29N | WR* | 17 45 39.917 | -29 00 26.71 | WC9 | 58 | 0 | |||||
28 | [GEO97] W14 | WR* | 17 45 39.9190 | -29 00 28.592 | O8.5/9.5I? | 23 | 0 | |||||
29 | GCIRS 15SW | WR* | 17 45 39.92 | -29 00 18.1 | WN8/WC9 | 39 | 0 | |||||
30 | [GPE2000] 2.24 | * | 17 45 39.924 | -29 00 29.53 | K-M | 8 | 0 | |||||
31 | [GEO97] W4 | * | 17 45 39.937 | -29 00 27.62 | K-M | 9 | 0 | |||||
32 | [GEO97] W10 | * | 17 45 39.9393 | -29 00 28.416 | O8/9.5I/III | 25 | 0 | |||||
33 | [GEO97] W12 | * | 17 45 39.954 | -29 00 29.08 | K-M | 11 | 0 | |||||
34 | [GEO97] W8 | * | 17 45 39.9563 | -29 00 28.112 | K-M | 11 | 0 | |||||
35 | GCIRS 29NE1 | WR* | 17 45 39.9643 | -29 00 26.021 | WC8/9 | 37 | 0 | |||||
36 | [GEO97] W5 | * | 17 45 39.9696 | -29 00 27.843 | O9/9.5V | 36 | 0 | |||||
37 | [GEO97] W13 | s?b | 17 45 39.9799 | -29 00 29.103 | OBI? | 37 | 0 | |||||
38 | [GEO97] W9 | * | 17 45 39.9832 | -29 00 28.366 | O9.5/B2V | 24 | 0 | |||||
39 | GCIRS 7 | * | 17 45 39.987 | -29 00 22.24 | M2 | 369 | 0 | |||||
40 | [GEO97] W11 | * | 17 45 39.9935 | -29 00 28.975 | OB | 21 | 0 | |||||
41 | [GEO97] W6 | * | 17 45 39.9994 | -29 00 27.693 | K-M | 16 | 0 | |||||
42 | GCIRS 16 | Cl* | 17 45 40.0 | -29 00 28 | ~ | 364 | 0 | |||||
43 | GCIRS 20 | * | 17 45 40.01 | -29 00 33.9 | M7III | 20 | 0 | |||||
44 | [EG97] S19 | * | 17 45 40.0298 | -29 00 28.628 | K-M | 35 | 0 | |||||
45 | GCIRS 33W | * | 17 45 40.03 | -29 00 31.7 | M2III | 15 | 0 | |||||
46 | [EG97] S18 | * | 17 45 40.0335 | -29 00 28.515 | ~ | 30 | 0 | |||||
47 | NAME Sgr A* | X | 17 45 40.03599 | -29 00 28.1699 | ~ | 4390 | 3 | |||||
48 | GCIRS 33N | s*b | 17 45 40.0381 | -29 00 30.302 | B0.5/1I | 41 | 0 | |||||
49 | [EG97] S1 | * | 17 45 40.0418 | -29 00 28.324 | B0/2V | 92 | 0 | |||||
50 | [EG97] S2 | * | 17 45 40.0442 | -29 00 27.975 | B0/2V | 374 | 1 | |||||
51 | GCIRS 16NW | WR* | 17 45 40.0451 | -29 00 26.847 | Ofpe/WN9 | 138 | 0 | |||||
52 | [CRG2004] 12 | * | 17 45 40.0455 | -29 00 28.467 | K5III | 37 | 0 | |||||
53 | [EG97] S9 | * | 17 45 40.0557 | -29 00 28.448 | B0/2V | 51 | 0 | |||||
54 | [CRG2004] 10 | * | 17 45 40.0558 | -29 00 28.657 | O-B | 28 | 0 | |||||
55 | [EG97] S4 | * | 17 45 40.0636 | -29 00 27.968 | B0/2V | 59 | 0 | |||||
56 | [EG97] S5 | * | 17 45 40.0686 | -29 00 27.895 | B4/9V | 31 | 0 | |||||
57 | GCIRS 14SW | * | 17 45 40.07 | -29 00 37.7 | M0III | 21 | 0 | |||||
58 | [EG97] S8 | * | 17 45 40.0716 | -29 00 28.363 | B0/2V | 75 | 0 | |||||
59 | [EG97] S6 | * | 17 45 40.0786 | -29 00 27.997 | B:V | 46 | 0 | |||||
60 | [EG97] S7 | * | 17 45 40.0812 | -29 00 28.135 | B:V | 40 | 0 | |||||
61 | GCIRS 33E | WR* | 17 45 40.0941 | -29 00 31.213 | Ofpe/WN9 | 58 | 0 | |||||
62 | GCIRS 15N | WR* | 17 45 40.11 | -29 00 16.3 | WN9-Ofpe | 8 | 0 | |||||
63 | GCIRS 16C | WR* | 17 45 40.12 | -29 00 27.6 | Ofpe/WN9 | 190 | 1 | |||||
64 | GCIRS 16SW | WR* | 17 45 40.1245 | -29 00 29.018 | Ofpe/WN9 | 161 | 0 | |||||
65 | GCIRS 14N | * | 17 45 40.15 | -29 00 36.7 | ~ | 5 | 0 | |||||
66 | GCIRS 15NE | WR* | 17 45 40.15 | -29 00 16.5 | WN8/9 | 59 | 0 | |||||
67 | GCIRS 16SE1 | WR* | 17 45 40.181 | -29 00 29.26 | WC8/9 | 49 | 0 | |||||
68 | GCIRS 16CC | s*b | 17 45 40.1939 | -29 00 27.532 | O9.5/B0.5I | 56 | 0 | |||||
69 | GCIRS 1 | * | 17 45 40.2 | -29 00 27 | ~ | 66 | 0 | |||||
70 | GCIRS 21 | WR* | 17 45 40.222 | -29 00 30.85 | WC9 | 100 | 0 | |||||
71 | [BSD96] 86 | * | 17 45 40.250 | -29 00 30.66 | ~ | 3 | 0 | |||||
72 | GCIRS 35W | WR* | 17 45 40.26 | -29 00 29.3 | WN5/6 | 49 | 0 | |||||
73 | GCIRS 16NE | WR* | 17 45 40.26 | -29 00 27.2 | Ofpe/WN9 | 153 | 0 | |||||
74 | GCIRS 7SE | * | 17 45 40.2638 | -29 00 24.703 | ~ | 23 | 0 | |||||
75 | GCIRS 7E | * | 17 45 40.38 | -29 00 22.9 | ~ | 9 | 0 | |||||
76 | BHA 17 | * | 17 45 40.40 | -29 00 39.4 | ~ | 3 | 0 | |||||
77 | GCIRS 9 | LP* | 17 45 40.447 | -29 00 34.49 | M3III | 104 | 0 | |||||
78 | GCIRS 1NE3 | * | 17 45 40.53 | -29 00 26.9 | M0III | 4 | 0 | |||||
79 | GCIRS 1NE2 | * | 17 45 40.53 | -29 00 26.1 | M3III | 3 | 0 | |||||
80 | GCIRS 1NE1 | * | 17 45 40.57 | -29 00 26.1 | M5III | 3 | 0 | |||||
81 | OH 359.946-00.047 | OH* | 17 45 40.63 | -29 00 23.5 | O-rich | 62 | 0 | |||||
82 | GCIRS 28 | * | 17 45 40.80 | -29 00 33.7 | M6III | 39 | 0 | |||||
83 | GCIRS 17 | * | 17 45 41.0377 | -29 00 22.611 | ~ | 34 | 0 | |||||
84 | GCIRS 18 | * | 17 45 41.223 | -29 00 38.91 | ~ | 12 | 0 | |||||
85 | [GPE2000] 11.38 | * | ~ | ~ | ~ | 3 | 0 | |||||
86 | [GPE2000] 14.38 | * | ~ | ~ | ~ | 3 | 0 | |||||
87 | GCIRS 1SE1 | IR | ~ | ~ | ~ | 1 | 0 | |||||
88 | GCIRS 1S | * | ~ | ~ | ~ | 2 | 0 | |||||
89 | GCIRS 13SSE | * | ~ | ~ | ~ | 3 | 0 | |||||
90 | [EG97] S3 | * | ~ | ~ | ~ | 10 | 0 | |||||
91 | NAME AF NWW | * | ~ | ~ | ~ | 5 | 0 | |||||
92 | GCIRS 9S | Em* | ~ | ~ | ~ | 6 | 0 | |||||
93 | GCIRS 9NW | * | ~ | ~ | ~ | 7 | 0 | |||||
94 | GCIRS 10EW | * | ~ | ~ | ~ | 2 | 0 | |||||
95 | [GPE2000] 1.34 | * | ~ | ~ | ~ | 1 | 0 |
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